92*1 LTCnEX.VCEI. [pr.ATYSJfA. 



t. 1606. Lichenoidefi endivici' foliis crispis splendentihus, siihfu.'i 

 nigrkantihus Dill. Muse. 192, t. 25. f. UO. — Brit. E.vs. : Mudd, 

 11. 54 ; Leight. ii. 44 ; Bobl. n. 79. 



The thallus often spreads extensively oA'er the substratum to the ex- 

 clusion of all other lichens. It varies in colour from ivory-white above 

 to pitch-black beneath, and also in thelenpth and breadth of the lacinife ; 

 wheu more depressed it is often somewhat parmelioid. The apotliecia, 

 which in old plants become larpe and deformed, are rare iu this coimtry ; 

 nor iire the spermogones very common, at least in dried specimens. They 

 are papilloso-tuberculose, with sterigmata 2-4-articulate, and spermatia 

 about 0,007 mm. long, 0,001 mm. thick. 



Hab. On trunks of trees, walls, rocks, and on the ground, in upland 

 aud subalpine localities. — Disfr. General and usually plentiful in the 

 mountainous tracts of Great Britain ; very abundant and luxuriant in the 

 Central Highlands of Scotland ; not very frequent in Ireland ; rare in the 

 Channel Islands. — B. M. : Boulay Bay, Island of Jersey. Near Sprous- 

 ton aud at Sail, Norfolk ; High Beech, Epping Forest, Essex ; New Forest, 

 Hants ; Hay Tor and Lustleigh Cleeve, Dartmoor, Devonshire ; Lamorua 

 and Helminton, Cornwall ; Charnwood Forest and Gopsall Park, Leice.s- 

 tershire ; near Matiock, Derbyshire ; Craigforda near Oswestry, Siirop- 

 shire ; near Barmouth, and Dolgelly, Merioneth; Island of Anglesea; 

 Kildale Moor, Cleveland, Yorkshire ; Teesdale and Croukley Fell, Durham ; 

 Stavely Head, Westmoreland ; Ashgill, Cumberland. New Galloway, 

 Kirkcudbrightshire ; near Loch Skene, Moffat, Dumfriesshire ; Pentland 

 Hills and Swanston "Wood, near Edinburgh ; iiear Inverary and Loch 

 Creran, Argyleshire; Kilhn, Ben Lawers, Loch Earn, and Biruam Hill, 

 Dunkeld, Perthshire ; Deerhill Wood, Forfarshire ; Countesswells AVood, 

 near Aberdeen ; Glen Callater aud Liou'.s Face, Braemar ; near Forres, 

 Elginshire ; Glen Nevis and Loch Ennich, Inverness-shire ; Hills ol 

 Applecross, Ross-shire. Killarney, Lough Brui and Fiunchey Bridge, 

 CO. Kerry. 



Form 1. fallax Xvl. Syn. i. (1S60) p. 314.— ThaUus cither 

 whitish maculate or almost entirely whitish beneath, the laeinitc 

 often more or less dissecto-fimbriate at the margins. Apothecia as 

 in the type. — Cromb. Lich. Brit. p. 27 ; Leight. Lich. Fl. p. 103, ed. 3, 

 p. 98. — Ceiraria qlavca /3. faUax Hook. Fl. Scot. ii. p. 57 ; Sm. Ens:. 

 Fl. V. p. 220 ; Mudd, Man. p. 80. Lichen fallax Web. Spicil. Fl. 

 Germ. (1778) p. 244 : Dicks. Crypt, fasc. i. p. 13 ; With. Arr. cd. 3, 

 iv. p. 53 ; Eng. Bot. t. 2373. Lichenoides memhranaceinn , tiiha' FalJo- 

 piance cmmhim Dill. Muse. 165, t. 22. f. 58. — Bi-it. Exs. : Mudd, n. 55. 



Distinguished by the colour of the under surface of the thallus, which is 

 sometimes variegated with black aud white, and at other times is almost 

 entirely whitish. With us it is vei-y rarely fertile, the state in whicli 

 the laciniae are dissecto-fimbriate {corallnidea Wallr., Leight. Lich. Fl. 

 //. c.) being here as elsewhere always sterile. 



Ilnh. On the trunks of old trees in shady woods, rarely on moist rocks, 

 iu upland districts. — Distr. Rather local and scarce iu S., W.,and N. Eng- 

 land, in Central Scotland, aud in S.W. Ireland. — B. M. : Dartmoor, 

 Devonshire; Helminton, Cornwall; Garth, Dolgelly, Merionethshire; 

 Inp:]eby Park, (Jlevelaud, Yorksliire. Near Inverary, Argyleshire ; Glen 

 Fallocii, Fiularig, Killin, Perthshire; Sidlaw Ilills, Forfarsliire ; Glen 

 Nevis, Locliaber, Inverne.'?s-shire. 



