i;vi;knia.| parmklii:!. 2'A\ 



Sp. I'l. ( I 7."):',) p. 1 I4(i ; Hiids. Fl. Aii-I. p. 4."30 ; l.iglitf, Fl. Scot. ii. 

 p. iS;j2 ; With. Arr. ed. M, iv. p. 50. Livhenoidis cornnttnu amarioit, 

 siiperne ciiicrcain, infeDie iiifntiii Dill. Muse. 157, t. 21. f. 52. — Jirit. 

 Kcs. : Lciglit. n. ii7 ; Mudd, n. 4<>. 



Tlie furfur willi \vliicli tlio lliiilliis i.s ii.siiall}' cuvend iiljove, and llw, 

 dillfit'iit ci)l()ui8 of [he iipptT and the lower surfaces, readily prevent tliia 

 beiujr eoufouiided with J'J. prmtastri. Oceasiiiually, when growing- on the 

 tops of btone walls, it is somewhat orbicular, de^jressed, and loosely 

 adnate, with a vei-y few obscure rhiziuio towards the point of altachineut. 

 Tlie variations in the lacinifu give rij<e to the several forms described 

 below. The apothecia, wliich at length become piano and large, are 

 rarely seen in Jiritain. The speruiogones and spermatia are as in the 

 preceding species. 



Hub. On the trunks of trees, old pales, walls, and sometimes rocks, in 

 upland districts. — Distr. Cieneral and not uncommon in the mountainous 

 tracts of (.ireat IJritain ; most frei^uent in the Central Highlands of .Scot- 

 land ; apparently very local in Ireland. — JJ. M. : JXew Forest, Hants; 

 Daitmoor and Soutli l>rent, Devonshire ; Helmiuton, Cornwall ; Chester- 

 held, Darley, and near JUixtou, Derbyshire ; near Oswestry, Caer Caradoc, 

 and Wrekiu Hill, Shropshire ; Cwm iJychan, Merionethshire ; Island of 

 Anglesea ; Arkindale and F'arndale, \ ork.-hire ; Eglestone, Durham ; 

 Keutmere, near Kendal, \\'estmorelaud ; Chilliugham Park,Northumber- 

 bind. New Galloway, Kirkcudbrightshire ; Swanston AVood, near Fdin- 

 burgh ; Glenfalloch, Argyleshire ; Dlaeberry Hill, Glen Lochay, Killin, 

 and Glen Lyon, Pertlishire ; Deerhill A\\)od and Johnston Hill, Forfar- 

 shire ; luvercauld, Auchindrvaie, and Castlelou, Ih'aemar ; Glen Nevis, 

 Inverness-shire. Lough Bray, near Uidjlin. 



Form 1. nuda Cromb. Grevillea, xv. (1887) p. 74. — Thallus 

 smaller ; laciniiE shorter, broader, somevrhat plane, pale or here and 

 there subviolet, naked. — Borrera furfuracea fi. nuda Ach. Lich. Univ. 

 (1810) p. 50U. 



A smalltr plant, with the thallus entirely glabrous and the laciniaj 

 broader. The apothecia are not present in our specimens. 



Hub. On old pales and the trunks of birches in upland situations. — 

 Distr. Fouud only sparingly in the S.AV. Highlands and the N. Grampians, 

 Scotland. — D.M. : Crianlarich, Perthshire ; 3Iorroue, Braemar, Aberdeen- 

 shire. 



Form 2. scobicina Nyl. Lich. Scand. (18G1) p. 73. — Laciuias 

 broader, densely isidioso-furfuraceous or isidioso-librillose ; other- 

 wise as in the type. — Cromb. Lich. Brit. p. 24 ; Lcight. Lich. Fl. 

 p. 90. — Parmelia furfaracai y. scohicina Ach. Meth. (I803j p. 255. 



DilFers chiefly in being crowdedly ioidiiferous ; the thallus is usually 

 dark greyish, and the Iacir4ia3 less branched, broader and lacero-laciniate 

 towards the apices. It is rarely fertile ; the apothecia occasionally have 

 both the margin and the back of the receptacle minutely isidiose. 



Hah. On the trunks of trees, old pales, and stone walls in upland 

 districts. — Distr. llather local, though plentiful in AV. and Central 

 F^ngland ; but chieliy in the Grampians, Scotland. — B. AI. : Gopsall, 

 Park, Leicestershire ; Mahern, Worcestershire. Killin and Ben Lawers, 

 Perthshire; Castletun of Braemar, Aberdeenshire; Uothiemurchus, 

 Inverness-shire. 



