236 T.ICHEXACEI. [PARMKLIA. 



British authors. From both, it may at once be distiuguished by the per- 

 forate apothecia, and, when infertile, by the minutely reticulate rimulose 

 thallus. The apothecia are extremely rare in oiu* islands, nor are the 

 spermogones present on our specimens. 



Hah. On mossy rocks and the trunks of old trees in m iritime districts. 

 — iJistr. Eather local, though plentiful, in S. and W. Ilngland. X. Wales, 

 the ^^ . Highlands of Scotland, the Channel Islands, and AV. Ireland, 

 where it has once been gathered sparingly fertile. — B. M. : Xear Fort 

 Essex, Island of .\lderney : Island of Guernsey. St. I.eonard's Forest, 

 Sussex ; Lyme Regis, Dorsetshire ; Caiisbrook and near Hyde, Isle of 

 Wight; South Brent, DeTonshire ; Penzance and Withiel, Corawall ; 

 Bolgelly, Xannau. and Tan-v-Croes. Merionethshire ; Island of Anglesea. 

 Barcaldine, Aigyleshii-e. Dnnkerron, co. Kerry (fniit) ; near Kylemore, 

 Connemara, co. Galway. 



5. P. laevigata Ach. Syn. (1814) p. 212. — Thallus suborbicular, 

 membranaceous, laciniato-lobed, glaucous-white or whitish ; be- 

 neath blackish and black-fibrilloso-rhiziuose ; laciiii-ce divaricately 

 sinuato-raultilid or sinuato-iucised, often subimbrieate and whitish 



tuberculato-sorediate at the apices, smooth or smoothish (K]]*^^ ^^^■> 



CaCl~, medulla K (CaCl) f-|-red). Apothecia moderate or large, 



badio-reddish, the margin entire or obsoletely crenulate or sore- 

 diate ; spores 6-8nfe, 0,012-13 mm. long, 0,0:i7-8 mm. thick. — 

 Gray. Xat. Arr. i. p. 442 : Hook. Fl. Scot. ii. p. 55 ; Sm. Eug. Fl. v. 

 p. 20(j ; Tayl. in Mack. Fl. Hib. ii. p. 148 : Cromb. Lich. Brit. p. 33 ; 

 Leight. Lich. Fl. p. 139, ed. 3, p. 128. — Parmelin simiosa fi. hevi- 

 (jata, Mudd, Man. p. 92. Lichen Icevigatus, Sm. in Eng, Eot. xxvi. 

 '( 1808) t. 1852.— ^Wf. E:cs. : Mudd. n. 69 : Larb. Caesar, n. 64, 

 Lich. Hb. n. 124 ; Cromb. n. 141. 



The thallus is loosely attached to the substratum, often much ex- 

 panded and generally divided into nari'ow approximate lacinise. The 

 soredia occur at the apices, but are occasionally scattered over the siu^ace 

 of the lacinite. From tbe allied species it is well separated by the thai- 

 line reactions. The apothecia are very rare, occurring chiefly in the 

 .-mailer corticole states, but the spermogones are not uncommon. They 

 are mini;te, dark-brown or blackish, iiTegularly scattered, with spermatia 

 about 0.(:0o-7 mm. long, 0,001 mm. thick. 



Hah. On rocks, boulders, and trunks of trees, chiefly in maritime and 

 mountainous districts. — Di^ir. Somewhat local, though usually plentiful 

 in S. and W. England, X. Wales, W. Highlands, Scotland, A\'. Ireland, 

 and in the Channel Islands. — B. M. : Islands of Jeisey and Guernsey. 

 Xew Forest and Bournemouth, Hampshue; Lustleigh Cleeve, Dartmoor, 

 Lyuton, and Bolt Head, Devonshire : near Penzance and AVithiel, Corn- 

 wall ; near Doli^elly. Aberdovey, and Barmouth, Merionethshire: Llan- 

 beris and Beddgelert. Carnarvonshire; Beaumaris, Island of Anglesea; 

 Ashy, Cumberland. Inverary and Barcaldine. Argylesliire : Ben Xevis, 

 Inverness-shire : Glen Ach-na-Shilloch, Ross-shiie. Killarney, co. Ken-y ; 

 Gougaumbara, co. Cork ; Connemara, co. Galway. 



6. P. xanthomyela Xyl. Flora, 1874, p. 306. — Thallus externally 

 similar to that ot J', loviqata ( K -|- yellow), medulla sulphureous 

 (K-f- yellowish). Apothecia moderate or large, badio-reddish, the 



