PARMELiA.] p.utMi:r,ii;r. 243 



A peculiar varit^ty, wliirli, ni)t\vitli-it'iiidin<r tlio smooth tlialliis, is from 

 its fjfeiieral aspect rcrcrahle to P. sn'i-ifn ratlier tlian to P. sii.iatili'<. At 

 the Hiiiue time it is wi-U (listiii;,'uislie(l by tiie esorediate thullus wliich is 

 hut loosely atlixcd to the substratiiui, and by the form of the lacini;e. 

 Tlie under surfaee is occasional'y covered to the very extremities of the 

 laeiuiic witli numerous densely crowded black rhizin;e (form hirxtita 

 Cromb. /. c. ). In the British specimens neither apothecia nor spermogones 

 ure present. 



I[(ih. On the trunks of old firs and on prranite walls in upland locali- 

 ties. — Disfr. Found o:ily in two localities amongst the Grampians, Scot- 

 land. — ]}. M. : JJen L iwers, Perthshire; Durris, Kincardineshire. 



12. P. oinphalodes Ach. Mcth. (1803) p. 204.— Thallus orbi- 

 cular, expanded, subnicmbranaccous, somewhat shining, smootbish, 

 dark-brown, browuish-black or purplish-black ; beneath black, 

 densely rhizinco-fibrillose ; laciniie subtruncate at the apices 



4-yellow!8h CaC'l"). Apothecia dark-badious, mode- 



^ +yeUow, then rusty red, _ / i ' 



rate or large ; other\vi.se as in P. sa^i-atilis. — Gray, Nat. Arr. i. 



p. 440 : Hook. Fl. Scot. ii. p. 53 ; Sm. Eng. Fl. v. p' 199 ; Tayl. in 



Mack. Fl. Hib. ii. p. 14o.—P(irmelia saxatilis c. oinphalodes Mudd, 



Man. p. 95; Cromb. Lich. Brit. p. 31; Lcight. Lich. Fl. p. 138, 



ed. 3, p. 127. Lichen omphaJodex Linn. Sp. PL (1753) p. 1143; 



Huds. FL Aiigl. p. 440 ; Lightf. FL Scot. ii. p. 818; With. Arr. 



ed. 3, iv, p. 34 ; Eng. Bot. t. <)04. Lichenoides sa-ratile titictorium, 



foil is 2'ilosis purpureis Dill. Muse. 185, t. 24. f. 80, in Hay, Syu. 



ed. 3, p. 74, n. 70. — Brit. Exs. : Leight. n. 7 ; Mudd, u. 67 ; Larb. 



Caesar, n. 19 ; Bohl. n. 18. 



Though by some recent authors regarded as a vaiiety of P. sa.vafih's, it 

 is entitletl to rank as specifically distinct. It varies in colour from brown 

 or greyish-brown to nearly black, and is often, tas observed by Hooker, 

 P^ng. Fl. I. c, marked with pale zigzag cracks. In the darker thalli 

 the reaction of the cortical laver with K is less distinct. It often 

 spreads extensively, almost covering the larger and o;:herwise naked 

 botdders, and is somewhat variable. The apothecia are not unfrequent, 

 sometimes numerous and very large, becoming in old age angulose and 

 fiexuose, often v\"ith .slightly smaller spores as in P. sulcata. The speriuo- 

 gones, which are also common, are usually more prominent than in 

 P. saxatilis, giving the thallus a black-punctate appearance. 



Hab. On rocks and boiddei's in maritime, upland, and alpine tracts. — 

 Disfr. General and common throughout Great Britain ; very abundant 

 in the Highlands, Scotland, to the summits of the higher mountains; 

 apparently rare in Ireland and the Channel Islands. — 13. M. : Beauport 

 Bay, Jer.sey; Island of Guernsey. Dartmoor, Hay Tor, and Lustleigh 

 Cleeve, Devonshire ; Temple Moor, near Penzance, and Helminton, Corn- 

 wall : Malvern Hills, "Worce-stershire ; near Oswe.stry, Shropshire ; Bar- 

 mouth and Cader Idris, Merionethshire; Conway ^It., and Cwni Idwal, 

 Carnarvon; Anglesea : Cleveland, Yorkshire ; near Eglestone and Teesdale, 

 Durham ; Kentmere, Westmoreland ; Cheviots, Northumberland. Moftat, 

 Dumfriesshire; Dalmahoy Crags, near Edinburgh ; Barcaldine and Appin, 

 Argyleshire ; Killin, Ben Lawers, Rannoch, near Dunkeld and Aber- 

 nethv, Perthshire ; Canlochan, Forfarshire ; near Invercauld, Craig 



r2 



