250 LICHEXACFI. [PARMELIA. 



subglobose. sulphiireous soredia : beneath dark, with blackish 

 rhizinte ; lacinije iianovr, niultifid, somewhat convexo-compresscd, 



incurved at the apices (K~, CaCl~). Apothecia small, reddish- 

 brown, the margin subentire ; spores 0,008-12 mm. long, 0,005-6 

 mm. thick. — Sm. Eng. Fl. v. p. 202: Tayl. in jfack. 11. Hib. ii. 

 p. 149 ; Mudd, Man. p. 102 ; Cromb. Lich.'Brit. p. 34 ; Leight. Lich. 

 Fl. p. 140 pro parte, ed. 3, p. 129 pro parte. — Lichen incurvus Pcrs. 

 in Ust. Ann. vii= (1794) p. 24. PanneUa recu7-va Ach., Gray, ^*at. 

 Arr. i. p. 442 ; Hock. Fl. Scot. ii. p. 54. Lichen rnultijidus, Dicks. 

 Crjpt. fasc. iii. p. 16, t. 9. f. 7 : AVith. Arr. ed, 3, iv, p. 28. 



Easily recognizable from the allied species by the incurved apices of the 

 laciuife. The thallus, -which is usually widely expanded, often becomes 

 siibcrustacei.iis and dark in the centre, where also, in very old plants, it 

 sometimes decays like P. centrifuf/a, a plant not found in Great Britain. 

 The apothecia are veiy rare in this country, and when present are not 

 rightly developed. The spermogones, however, are frequent, giviutr the 

 thallus a black punctate appeal ance, with spermatia 0,005-7 mm. long, 

 about OjCOl mm. thick. 



Hah. On gi-anitic rooks and boulders in subalpiue and alpine places. — 

 Disfr. Local in S.W. Ireland and S. Scotland ; more frequent among the 

 N. Grampians. Scotland. — B. M. : New Galloway, Kirkcudbrightshire ; 

 Ci-aig Coinuoch, Glen Candlic, Ben-naboord, ^Vforrone, and Upper Glen 

 Dee (fruit), Braemar, Aberdeenshire. Dunkerron Mt., co. Keny. 



c. Olv'aceo-nirjvicantes. — Thallus normally olive-brown or 

 brownish-black. 



20. P. acetabulum Dub. Bot. Gall. ii. (1830) p. 601.— ThaUus 

 orbicular, coriaceo-membranaceous, unequal or rugulose, subopaque, 

 imbricato-lobed, glaucous- or lurid-olivaceous ; beneath paler and 

 sparingly black -fibrillose ; lobes rounded, appressed at the circum- 

 ference, ascending and nndulate in the centre (K7 n ■ i *i i 

 ' ° ^ +yellowi5n. then red, 



CaCl~). Apothecia moderate or large, rugose, badio-reddish, the 



margin creuulate, infiexed: spores 0,012-16 mm. long, 0,008-10 mm. 

 thick. — Mudd, Man. p. 99 ; Cromb. Lich. Brit. p. 35 ; Leight. Lich. 

 Fl. p. 136, ed. 3, p. 125. — Lichen acetabulum Xeck. Delic. (1768) 

 p. 506. Parmelia corrur/ata Gray, Nat. Arr. i. p. 438 ; Hook. Eng. 

 Fl. V. p. 201. Lichen cormrjotus Eng. Bot. t, 1652, Lichenoides 

 acetcdiulis cutantis et rurjosis Dill. Muse. 185, t, 24. f. 79. — Brit. 

 Exs.: Cromb. n. 142; Leight. u, 362, 



The thicker thallus, the lai'ger lobes, and rugose apothecia readily dis- 

 tinguish this from our other species of this subsection. Elsewhere it grows 

 widely expanded, though this state is rare in Britain. The apothecia, which 

 are not frequent in this country, become rather large in very old plants. 

 The spermo^'-ones, generally very abundant, are at length confluent, and 

 form rugosities on the thallus, with the sterigmata often branched and 

 jointed, and the spermatia about 0,007 mm. long, 0,001 mm. thick. 



Hah. On the trunks of old trees in woods aud parks in lowland 

 districts. — iJibtr. Not general nor common throughout England, chiefly 



