252 LICHENiCEI. [PARMELIA. 



Brit. Eus.: ^[udd, n. 72; Leight. nos. 263, 35G ; Larb. Lich. Hb. 

 11. 327 ; Dohl. n. 86. 



lieadily distinguished from P. olicacea, of whicii it is generally regarded 

 as a variety, by the papillato-exasperate thallus and the ven-ucoso-papillose 

 margin of the apothecia. With us the apothecia are comparatively rare, 

 th(jugh plentiful when present. The spermogones are very abundant on 

 the papillne, when these are not abraded, with spermatid 0,00d-ll mm. 

 long, scarcely 0,001 mm. thick. 



Hab. On the trunks of old trees in maritime and upland districts. — 

 Disfr. General and usually common in the W. tracts of Great Britain and 

 Ireland. — B. M. : Bury, Suttolk : New Forest, Hants ; Withiel, Cornwall ; 

 Pembridge, Herefordshire ; Cricklade, Wiltshii-e ; Crowle, Worcester- 

 shire : near Dolgelly, Merionethshire ; Island of Anglesea ; Ayton, Cleve- 

 land, Yorkshire; E(rlestone,lJurham, near Stavely, Westmoreland. New 

 Galloway, Kirlvcudbrightshire ; Largs, Ayrshire; Peutland IliUs, near 

 Edinburgh ; Appin, Argyleshire ; Glen Lochay, Perthshire ; Castleton of 

 Braemar, Aberdeenshire ; S. of Fort William, Inverness-shire ; Kilravock, 

 Nairnshire ; Applecross, Koss-shire. Glencar and Mangerton, co. Kerry ; 

 Killerey Bay, Connemara, co. Galway. 



23. P. sutaurifera Nyl. Flora, 1873, p. 22.— Thallus orliicular, 

 thinly membranaceous, closely appressed, glabrous or thinly fur- 

 furaceous in the centre, laciniato-lobed, olive-brown or umbrine, 

 yellow-sorediatc, medulla yellow ; beneath blackish, shortly tibrillose; 



lobes plane, crenate (^",^^^^^^^5^, CaC]~j.g^^^j.g,^;. Apothecia small, 



dark chestnut-coloured, the margin subentire, often yellow-sorediate ; 

 spores 0,011-13 mm. long, 0,0(.>7-8 mm. thick. — Cromb. Jouni. Linn. 

 Soc. Bot. x^ii. p. 572 ; Grevillea, x. p. 25. — Lichen oJivaceus, var. 3, 

 With. Arr. ed. 3, iv. p. 25. Lichenoides olivaceinn, snitilUs hevihus 

 Dill. Muse. 182, t. 23. f. 77 c— Brit. Kvs. : Larb. Lich. Hb, n. 210. 



From the allied species this diflfers at once in the yellow medulla and 

 the small yellow soredia with which the thallus is everywhere efflorescent. 

 Our British specimens are, with one or two exceptions, less well developed 

 than those from Scandinavia — the thallus being smaller, the medulla le.>s 

 distinctly yellow, and having only in one instance a few young apothecia. 

 The spennt 'gones, which also seem to be very rare with us, have the sper- 

 matia 0,005 mm. long, scarcely 0,001 mm. thick. 



Sab. On the trunks of trees and branches of shrubs, chiefly oak and 

 firs, in maritime and upland districts. — JJistr. Local and scarce in Eng- 

 land, N. Wales, the Highlands, Scotland, and N.W. Ireland; no doubt 

 often overlooked. — B. M. : Eppiug Forest, Essex ; near Tooting, Surrey; 

 Lydd, Kent ; Ilenfield, Sussex ; near Penzance, Cornwall (frt.) ; Whim- 

 pole Park, Cambridge-hire ; Grimsbury Green, Northampton ; Gopsall 

 Park, Leicestershire ; Kempsey, A^'orcestershire : Aberdovey, Merioneth- 

 shire ; Ayton, Cleveland, Yorkshire ; Windermere, Westmoreland. Glen 

 Lochay, Perthshire : Wills Braes, Foifar>hire ; Durris, Kincardineshire j 

 Applecross, lioss-shire. Kylemore, co. Galway. 



24. P. prolixa Nyl. in Cromb. Lich. Brit. (1870) p. 35.— ThaUus 

 suborbicular, appressed, somewhat shining, laciniate, dark-olive or 

 blackish-umbrine ; beneath blackish or black, moderately filmllose; 

 laciuia; narrow, subimbricate, much and variously divided, somewhat 



