264 



LlCHKNACEl. 



Tribe XIV. STICTEI Nyl. Syn. i. (1860) p. 332, ut subtribus 

 Parmelieorum ; Bull. !Soc. Linu. Normaud. ser. 2, ii. (1867) p. 498. 



Thallus frondosely dilated, lobate or lobato-laciniate, loosely 

 affixed to the substratum ; the under surface usually with tomentose 

 rhiziiue, and also pulverulent or sorediiform cyphellae (pseudo- 

 cyphellte), or true urceolate or thelotremoid cyphellae ; gonidial 

 layer consisting either of gonimic granules or of true gonidia. 

 Apothecia lecanoroid or parmeleiue ; spores Snse, fusiform, usually 

 1- or 3-septate, generally colourless or sometimes pale-brownish ; 

 paraphyses discrete, usually more or less articulate, moderate, or 

 thickish ; hymenial gelatine (especially the apices of the thecae) 

 blue with iodine. Spermogones with jointed sterigmata. 



The plants of this tribe are for the most part the largest and best 

 developed of all lichens. With these " patricians of lichens," as they 

 were termed b}' Drs. Taylor and Hooker (Hook. Journ. Eot. lS44,p. 635), 

 the ascending series in Xylander's classification culminates. The thallus, 

 which in its earlier stages of growth is orbicular, is usually widely expanded, 

 of a coriaceo-membranaceous texture, and fi'equently, when wet, emits an 

 (idour as of hemp. In a few species peculiar cephalodia occur either on 

 the upper surface, on the margins, or on the lower surface of the thallus 

 (vide jSvI. Syn. /. c. p. 333). The great majority of species are found in 

 warm climates or in the Southern hemisphere ; most of the European 



Fig. 40. 

 Loharia 2}i<l'iiO)iaria Hoffm. — «. Vertical section of thalhis, x200. /;. Gonidia. 

 X3o0. r. Vertical section of" a sujall apolbeciuin, x3(). (/. A tbeca iind 

 paraphysis, xiJoU. c. Three spores, xTiOU. /. Vertical section of a speruio- 

 gune, XiJO. f/. Jointed sterigmata and spermatia, XoOO. 



