284 LICHEKACEI. [nEPHEOMIUM. 



white, K — ). Ai)othecia small or moderate, reddish-brown, the 

 receptacle crenulato-unequal at the margin and deprasso-granulate 

 at the back ; spores 0,< iliU-24 mm. long, 0,006-7 mm. thick. — Cromb. 

 Lich. Brit. p. :^8 ; Leight. Lich. Fl. p. 104, ed. 3, p. 99. — Nephroma 

 Icevigatam Ach. Syu. ( 1S17) p. 242 ; Mudd, Man. p. 81. Nephroma 

 resupinata Tayl. in Mack. Fl. Hib. ii. p. 154. Lichen resu/iinatus 

 Huds. Fl. Angl. p. 453 ; Lightf. Fl. Scot, ii, p. 843 ; With. Arr. 

 ed. 3, iv. p. 71. Lichenoides fascum, peltis posticis ferrugineisldiW. 

 Muse. 206, t. 28. f. 105 a. Lichenoides seucatile fuscnm, peltis in 

 aversa foliorum superjicie locatis Dill, in lia\', Syn. ed. 3, p. 77, n. 91. 

 — Most of these synonyms refer no doubt toiV^. lusitanicum . Lichen 

 resupinatiis of the older authors included other species, so that it 

 cannot be retained. 



Distinguished from the preceding by the absence of tomentum on the 

 upper and by the naked under surface of the thallns. The thalHis is gene- 

 rally of moderate size, and rarely expanded. The apothecia are usually 

 uumerous, though comparatively small, aud the speriuogones have the 

 spermatia 0,0035-0,040 mm. long {^pde Nyl.). 



Hab. Ou the trunks of old trees and on mossy boulders in mountainous 

 districts. — iJistr. Local and scarce in N. England aud iu the Grampian?!, 

 Scotland. — B. M. : Keswick, Cumberland. (Jleu Lochay, Killin, Perth- 

 shire ; Blair Athule, Perthshire ; Craig Cluny, Braemar, Aberdeenshire. 



3. N. parile Xyl. Flora, 1885, p. 47. — Thallus orbicnlar, mem- 

 branaceous, rotundato-lobed, smooth, subopaque, crisp and ca?sio- 

 sorediate at the margins ; beneath naked, rugulose, brownish-black 

 (medulla white, K— ). Apothecia very rare, on short lobes : spores 

 as in N. Iceviyatum. — Crumb. Grevillea, xv. p. 77. — Nephromium 

 IcBvigatum var. jtcirile Cromb. Lich. Brit. p. 28 ; Leight. Lich. Fl. 

 p. 105, ed. 3. p. 99. Nephroma Icevigatum ft. jxirile Mudd, Man. 

 p. 81, Nephroma piarile Gray, Xat. Arr. i. p. 427 ; Sm. Eng. Fl. v. 

 p. 220. Lichen parilis Ach. Prodr. (1798) p. 164, Eng. Bot.'t. 2360. 

 Lichenoides fvscvm, peltis posticis ferrngineis Dill. Muse. 200, t. 28. 

 f, 105 b, c, — Brit. Eu's.: Cromb. n.41. 



Though regarded by more recent authors as a variety of the preceding, 

 this differs in the sorediate margins, the colour of the under surface, and 

 especially in the size of the spermatia. These, according to ^'ylander in 

 lift., are 0,004 mm. long, 0,(^01 mm. thick ; so that it must again be 

 raised to its specific rank. The soredia, which ai'e normally marginal, 

 are occasionally also more or less scattered over the surface, becoming 

 blackish in age. It rarely occurs fertile, and never so with us. 



Ila/j. On mossy rocks and boulders, and about the roots of old trees, in 

 wooded upland districts. — Distr. Local in S. and W. England, in S. Scot- 

 land and among the Grampians, in S.W. and N. Ireland. — B. M. : Ivy 

 Bridge, Hennor-k, near Bovey Tracey, Lustleigh Cleeve, and Totnes, S. 

 Devon; Coimd Moor and Craigforda, Shropshire ; Dolgelly, Twll Du, and 

 Rhewgreiddeu, Mi^ionethshire ; Windermere, AVestuiorelaud : Braith- 

 waite, Cumberland. Pentland Hills, near Edinbui-gh ; Barcaldine, 

 Argyleshire; Glen Lochay and Pass of KiUiecrankie, Perthshire; Craig 

 Cluny, liraemar, Aberdeenshire; Caledonian Canal, Inverness-shire. 

 Near DunkeiTon, co. Kerr v. 



