PHYsciA.] pnysciET. 313 



Form exempta Fr. iil. Lich. Scand. (1^71) p. 140. — Lacinioe 

 shorter, bioadcr, imbricate, naked or very sparingly and shortly 

 ciliate ; otherwise as above. — Parmelia Undla vur. e.i-enijda Tayl. in 

 Mack. Fl. Hib. ii. p. 147. Borrera tenella y. e.vemta Ach. Lich. 

 Univ. (1810) p. 49*J. — As noticed hx Taylor, I. c, his specimen was 

 referred by Borrer to P. erosa. 



Seems to be merely a modification of the type, from which it is distin- 

 guished, at least as a well-marked form, by the characters of the lacinite. 

 Our only British specimen is sterile. 



Ilab. On the trunks of willows in upland situations. — Distr. Seen only 

 sparingly from S.W. Ireland. — B. M. : Ballynegarde, co. Limerick. 



14. P. aipolia Xyl. Flora, 1870, p. 38. — Thallus orbicular, stel- 

 lari-appressed, multitido-laciniate, whitish ; beneath concolorous with 

 greyish-brown rhizina) ; lacinine somewhat plane, narrow, subcon- 

 tiguous, discrete, and with the apices crenulate at the circumference 



(Kiyellow, CaCl~). Apothecia submoderate, somewhat convex, 



brownish-black, c.Tsio-pruinose or naked, the thalline margin entire ; 

 spores 0,016-26 mm. long, 0,008-11 mm. thick. — Cromb. Journ. 

 Bot. 1870, p. 97. — Lichen aipoJius Ach. Prodr. (1798) p. 112. 

 Phijscia steUaris var. acrita Cromb. Lich. Brit. p. 39. P. aipolia 

 form acrita Cromb. Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. xvii. p. 571. Lichen 

 stellaris Hxids. Fl. Angl. p. 448 (ex specimine in Herb. Huds.). 

 Lichenoides cinereum, ser/mentis angustis steUatis, scutellis nirjris 

 DiU. Muse. 176, t. 23. f. 70, a, b. 



Frequently not distinguished, even as a variety, from the preceding, to 

 which it is subsiujilar. The planer, more divided laciui;e, which are 

 discrete at the circumference, and especially the positive reaction of the 

 medulla, well characterize it and raise it to its Acharian specific rank. 

 In its typical condition (a. acrita Ach. Lich. Univ. p. 477) the thallus is 

 entirely smooth in a young state, but at length becomes shghtlv rugose 

 in the centre. It is usually well fertile, the apothecia being chiefly 

 central. 



Hah. On the trunks and brar.ches of trees in culrivated tracts, often in 

 orchards, rarely on old pales, very rarely on calcareous walls, of mai'itime, 

 lowland, and upland districts. — Distr. Eather local in S. and X. England, 

 N. Wales, the S.W., Central, and N. Highlands of Scotland, and in X.W. 

 Ireland. — B. M. : Near Lewes, Sussex ; Shanklin, Isle of "Wight ; Ilsham 

 Valley, Torquay, S. Devon ; Penzance, Cornwall ; Hafod, Cardiganshire ; 

 Dolgelly, Merionethshire ; near Kendal, Westmoreland. Appin, Argvle- 

 shire ; Killiu and foot of Ben Lawers, Perthshire : Castleton of Braemar, 

 Aberdeenshire ; Applecross, lioss-shire. Kylemore and Ljugh Inagh, 

 Connemara, co. Galway. 



Yar. p. anthelina Cromb. GreviUea, xv. (1887) p. 78. — Thallus 

 narrowly laciniate, beneath with black rhiziune ; lacinia) more dis- 

 crete, somewhat convex. Apothecia submoderate, crowded or scat- 

 tered, at length slightly convex, the thalline margin entire. — 



