338 LICHENACEI. [PANNARIA. 



Brit. p. 42. — Lecanora hrunnea Hook. Fl. Scot. ii. p. 51. Psoroma 

 hrunneum Graj', Nat. Arr. i. p. 446. Lichen hrunneus Sw. N. Act. 

 Upsal. iv. (1784) p. 2-17; Eng. Bot. t. 1246. Lecidea coronata 

 Sm. Eng. El. v. p. 182 ; Tayl. in Mack. El. Hib. ii. p. 127. Pan- 

 naria pezizoides ("Weber), Leight. Lich. El. p. 165, ed. 3, p. 151. 

 Lichen pezizoides Weber, 8picil. (1778) p. 200, seems doubtfully 

 referaVjle to this species, but denotes rather the following. — Brit. 

 Exs. : Mudd, n. 90 ; Cromb. n. 55 ; Larb. Lich. Hb. n. 14. 



Easily recognized from its British allies by the thallus and apothecia. 

 Tlie thallus is occasionally somewhat extended, and varies in colour ac- 

 cording to the substratum and exposure. The apothecia are numerous 

 and crowded, becoming t-omewhat tiexuose, and vary in colour like the 

 thallus. When growing on mosses in shady situations, it is csesio-greyish 

 with the squamules less imbricate and with paler apothecia ; it is then 

 Lichen coronatus Ach. Prodr. p. To ; Pannaria hninnea var. coronata Nyl., 

 Cromb. Lich. Brit. p. 42 ; cfr. Nyl. Syn. ii. p. 32. At high altitudes 

 again it is much darker in colour (as are also the apothecia) with the 

 hypothaUus blackish. 



Hah. On the ground and among rocks on decayed mosses, seldom on 

 semiputrid stumps, in upland, rarely in alpine situations. — Distr. General 

 and not uncommon in maritime and mountainous districts of Great Britain 

 and Ireland. — B. M. : Dolgelly, Barmouth, and Cwm Bychan, Merioneth- 

 shire ; Bettws-y-Coed, Denbighshire ; Gwydir and Glyder Vawr, Car- 

 narvonshire ; Battersbj- Bank, Cleveland, Yorkshire ; Teesdale, Durham ; 

 Mardale, Westmoreland ; Whitehaven, Cumberland ; The Cheviots, 

 Northumberland. New Galloway, Kirkcudbrightshire ; near Roslin 

 Castle, Midlothian ; Bowling Bay, Dumbartonshire ; Barcaldiue and 

 Airds, Appin, Argyleshire : Killin, Ben Lawers, and Den of Rechip, 

 Perthshire ; Corriemulzie and Glen Ey, Braemar, Aberdeenshire ; S. of 

 Fort William, Inverness-shire. Brandon Mt., Turk Mt., Cromaglown 

 and Dunkerron, co. Kerry; Killery Bay, Connemara, co. Galway. 



3. P. nebulosa Nyl. Mem. Soc. Cherb. ii. (1853) p. 324; Lich. 

 Scand. p. 125. — Thallus indeterminate, thinly granuloso-crustose, 

 greyish or dark csesio-greyish ; granules imbricato-congested, crenate. 

 Apothecia small, plane or somewhat convex, crowned with the 

 granulose thallus, red or reddish-brown, internally pale-whitish ; 

 spores ellipsoid or fusiformi-oblong, 0,015-24 mm. long, 0,006-9 

 mm. thick ; hymenial gelatine faintly bluish and then wine-red with 

 iodine. — Cromb. Lich. Brit. p. 42 ; Leight. Lich. El. p. 168, ed. 3, 

 p. 153. — Psora nebulom HofFm. Deutsch. El. ii. (1795) p. 166, 

 Pannariahrunnea var. coronata Leight. Lich. El. p. 166, ed. 3, p. 152 ; 

 Mudd, Man. p. 124. Lichen i^ezizoides Dicks. Crypt, fasc. i. p. 10, 

 t. 2. f. 4 ; With. Arr. iv. p 21 ; Eng. Bot. Suppl. t. 2801. Lecanora 

 coronata Eloerke, Deutsch. Lich. n. 151, is only the type with paler 

 margin of the apothecia {vide Nyl. Syn. ii. p. 32). — Brit. Exs. : 

 Leight. n. 235; Larb. Ceesar. n. 26; Lich. Hb. n. 13. 



Distinguished from the preceding by the colour of the granulose crus- 

 taceous thallus and by the smaller spores. The thallus sometimes spreads 

 extensively, is but loosely coherent and very friable. The apothecia, 

 which are usually numerous, are superficial or innate, becoming at length 



