340 



LICnENACEI. 



[PANXULARIA. 



57. PANNULARIA Xyl. Flora, 1879, p. 360, I c. 1882, p. 458. 

 — Thallus squamulose or gramilose. Apothecia biatorine, rarely 

 lecideine : spores Snae, ellipsoid or oblong, simple or variously sep- 

 tate, colourless; hyroenial gelatine 

 variously tinged with iodine. 

 Spermogones with spermatia as 

 in the preceding genus, but 

 sometimes shorter. 



Dift'ers from Pannaria in the less 

 developed thallus and the diti'erent 

 type of the apothecia, though 

 occasionally these have a lecanoroid 

 appearance. In some respects it 

 might not inappropriately be re- 

 ferred to the subtribe of the Lecideei, 

 but its true affinities are ratherwith 

 Pannaria. 



Fig. 56. 



Fannularia nigra Nvl. — a. Vertical 

 section of a young apotheciura, 

 X 30. b. A theea and paraphysis, 

 X350. c. Spores, x500. d. Tri- 

 seplate spores of P. psotina Jvyl., 

 XoOO. 



1. P. lepidiota Xyl. ex Stiz. 

 St. Gall. Xat. Ges. 1882, p. 336. 

 — Thallus microlepideo-squa- 

 mulose, lurid, lurid-brown or 

 cervine ; squamules moderate, 

 imbricato-congested, firm, crenu- 

 late, often ascending at the margin, whitish beneath, more congested, 

 smaller and granulato-crenulate in the centre. Apothecia biatorine, 

 nearly moderate, plane or convex, dark-red or brown, internally pale- 

 whitish : spores ellipsoid, simple, 0,015-23 mm. long, 0,008-12 mm. 

 thick ; hyraenial gelatine at first faintly bluish, then wine-red with 

 iodine. — Cromb. Grevillea, xviii, p. 43. — Lecidea carnosa /3. lejndiota 

 Somm. Suppl. Fl. Lapp. (1826) p. 174. Lichenoides granosum 

 suhglancvm, tubercnlis planis nigricantihirs Dill. Muse. 544, t. 82. 

 f. 2. 



Looks as if intermediate between Pannaria rubiginosa var. /3 and the 

 following species, but is separated from the former by the biatorine apo- 

 thecia, and from the latter b}' the more developed thallus and the larger 

 spores. The thallus in its more typical state is pulvinato-acervulate with 

 the squamules thickish and granulato-crenate ; but it is often for the 

 greater part granulose and lurid-ctesious in the centre. The apothecia 

 are elsewhere sometimes crowned with the thalUne granules, and thus 

 have a lecanoroid a-spect. The only British specimen seen is sparingly 

 fertile. 



Hah. Overspreading decayed mosses on the ground in alpine situations. 

 — Di-str. Extremely local and scarce on one of the S. Grampians, Scot- 

 land. — B. M. : Above Loch-na-Gat, Ben Lawers, Perthshire. 



2. P. microphylla Xyl. ex Stiz. St. Gall. Xat. Ges. 1882, p. 336.— 

 Thallus subdeterminate, squamuloso-crustaceous, areolato-diffract, 

 cervine or livid-grey ; squamules minute, crenate, closely imbricate, 

 often whitish at the margins ; hypothallus brownish-black. Apo- 

 thecia small, biatorine, \isuaily convex, browni.sh or reddish, intern- 



