844 LICHENACEI. [PANNULAKIA. 



Subsimilar to llie preceding species, but ditfers at once in the detenni- 

 nately 3-septate and larger spores. At tirst sight it looks almost like 

 Pteryr/ium jmnnariellum, but it is not distinctly radiate at the circum- 

 ference, and is more definitely separated by the presence of a more or less 

 visible hypothallus. The apothecia are rather scattered and not numerous 

 in the British specimens. 



Hah. On micaceo-schistose rocks in subalpine and alpine regions. — 

 IDistr. Only sparingly among the .S. and Central Grampians, Scotland. — 

 B. M. : Craig Calliach, Ben Lawers, and Craig TuUoch, Perthshire. 



6. P. melantera Cromb. Grevillea, xviii. (1889) p. 44. — Thallus 

 effuse, diffracto-squamose, black, beneath bluish-black ; squamules 

 thickish, minutely papillose. Apothecia small, sessile, plane or 

 somewhat convex, the margin shining ; spores oblong, l-S-septate 

 or simple, 0,03-0,045 mm. long, 0,0045-0,<J05 mm. thick ; bypo- 

 thecium brownish ; hymenial gelatine bluish, the thecae tawny with 

 iodine. — Pannaria melanttra Stirt. Scot. Xat. 1879, p. 10 : Leight. 

 Lich. Fl. ed. 3, p. 544. 



Said by Dr. Stirton, /. c, to be similar to P. d'Aichotera Xyl., a Scandi- 

 navian plant, but with longer spores. Evidently it would differ also, ac- 

 cording to the diagnosis given, in the mure squamose thallus and the 

 distinct hypothallus. In the absence, however, of any specimen, I regard 

 it as a doubtful species (probably only subsp. P. psotina). 



Hah. On mica-schist rocks in an ( ?) alpine situati( n. — Distr. Foimd 

 only on the S. Grampians, Scotland (Ben Lawers, Perthshire). 



7. P. carnosa Cromb. Grevillea, xii. (1884) p. 02. — Thallus sub- 

 determinate, squamuloso-lobed, livid- or cervine-brown ; lobes 

 variously divided or crenato-incised, imbricate or ascending and 

 congested, usually granuloso-crenate at the margins, whitish beneath; 

 hypothallus brownish-black, evanescent. Apothecia biatorine, small 

 or slightly concave, reddish-brown or dark-red, the margin paler ; 

 spores oblong, oblongo-fusiform or rareh' ellipsoid, simple or obso- 

 Ictely 1-septate, 0,016-31 mm. long, 0,005-8 mm. thick ; hymenial 

 gelatine yellow (the apices of the thecae deep bluish) with iodine. — 

 Pannaria carnosa Leight. Lich. Fl. p. 109, ed. 3, p. 155. Massa- 

 longia carnosa Mudd, Man. p. 126, t. ii. f. 39. Lichen carnosus 

 Dicks. Crypt, fasc. ii. (1790) p. 21, t. vi. f. 7 ; With. Arr. iv. p. 33; 

 Eng. Bot. t. 1684. Pannaria rnuscorum (Aoh.) Cromb. Lich. Brit, 

 p. 43. Squarnaria rnuscorum Sm. Eng. Fl. v. p. 194. Lecanora 

 mvscoriun Hook. Fl. Soot. ii. p. 51 : Tuyl. in Mack. Fl. Hib. ii. p. 139. 

 Psoroma rnuscorum Gray, >>'at. Arr. i. p. 446. — Brit Exs.: Cromb. 

 n. 154; Leight. d. 393. 



Readily recognized from other British species by the colour of the more 

 distinctly squamulose thallus and by the variable narrow spores. The 

 thallus is thinnish, usually spreading"- somewhat extensively over the sub- 

 stratum, but at times smaller, determinate, and bordered by the hypo- 

 thallus. The apothecia are generally small and numerous, sometimes 

 fewer and moderate, with the spores occasionally obsoletely brownish. 



Hah. Among mosses on rocks and bouldere in maritime and moun- 

 tainous districts. — IMr. I>oral, though pleutiful, in S.W., U"., and X. 



