LECANORA.] LECANO-LECIDEKl. 405 



0,009-12 mm. long, 0,005-7 mm. thick; parapliyses slender, dis- 

 crete, not clavate at the apices ; I13 menial gelatine bluish, then 

 sordid with iodine. — Mudd, Man. p. 140 ; Cromb. Lich. iJrit. p. 50 ; 

 Leight. Lich. PI. p. 200, ed. J3, p. ISO. — Panndia ijuluciina Ach. Meth. 

 (18013) p. 190. Lichenoi'/ts crxntvsuin, orhiculare, incaiiam Dill. 

 Muse. p. 135, t. lJ>. f. 17 u. — Brit. Kcs. : Mudd, n. 110 ; Leight. n. 

 400. 



A common plant overlooked bv our older authors and rarely appearing 

 in their herbaria s. n. Lichen jniiralis, along with L. i<a.vicola. At fir?t the 

 thallus is orbicular, small, and squamarioid in appearance ; but it is often 

 little developed, and frequently at length is indeterminate. The apothecia 

 are numerous, crowded towards the centre, and thus often angulose. It 

 is in other respects a rather variable plant, presenting the form and sub- 

 species that follow. 



Hub. On walls and rock?, chiefly calcareous, from maritime to upland 

 districts. — Diatr. General and common in most parts of Great Britain ; 

 rare in the Channel Islands and in S E. and 2s. W. Ireland. — B. M. : 

 Island of Sark : Rozel, Jersey. Bury St. Edmund's, Suffolk ; Ilolloway, 

 London ; Stanmore, Middlesex : Crystal Palace. Surrey ; Peasemarsh and 

 Hastings, Sussex ; Xewlyu Cliff, Penzance and Withiel, Cornwall ; Cleve 

 Hill and Bathampton Downs, Somersetshire ; Cham wood Forest, Leices- 

 tershire; Great Malvern, Worcestershire: Shiflhal and Oswestry, Shrop- 

 shire; Island of Anglesea : near Ayton, Cleveland, Yorkshire. King's 

 Park, Stirling; Ben Lawers and Craig Tulloch, Perthshire; Portlethen, 

 Kincardineshire ; Craig Guie, Braemar, Aberdeenshire ; near Fort 

 AVilliam, Inverness-shire. Xear Cork ; Kylemore Lake, Connemara, co. 

 Gal way. 



Form verrucosa Leight. Lich. Fl. ed. 3 (1879), p. 190.— Thallus 

 pulvinate, white, the pnlvinuli tliickish, convex, verrucose, scattered. 

 Apothecia small, immersed, crowded. — Cromb. Grevillea, xviii. 

 p. 67. 



Differs in the form of the thicker, dispersed thallus, and in the innate 

 apothecia, resulting probably from the nature of the habitat. It no doubt 

 descends from var. deminiita (Stenh.) Cromb. Journ. Bot. 1885, p. 195, 

 and is subconflueut with Hepp, Eus. n. 901 (left-hand specimen). 



Hab. On calcareous rocks in maritime and upland districts. — Distr. 

 Only a few localities in "Wales, N.W. England, and the N. Grampians, 

 Scotland. — B. M. : Mumbles, near Swansea, Glamorgan ; Great Orme'a 

 Head, Carnarvonshire ; Asby, Westmoreland. Craig Guie, Braemar, 

 Aberdeenshire. 



Subsp. 1. L. dissipata Xyl. Bull. Soc. Bot. t. xiii. (1866) p. 368.— 

 Thallus macular or indeterminate, very sparingly visible, consisting 

 chiefly of a blackish, subleprose hypothallus. Apothecia small, 

 pale-Jivid, slightly white-suffused; the thalline margin white, opaque, 

 subentire or obsolctely crenate ; spores ellipsoid, 0,0n8-12 mm. long, 

 0,004-6 mm. thick ; paraphyses not well discrete. — Cromb. Grevillea, 

 xviii. p. 67. 



A peculiar Uchen, the only one which with a state of the type occurs 

 in the immediate suburbs of London. In our British specimens, which 



