430 T.iCHENACEr. [lecanofa. 



sessile, plaue, brownish- or reddish-yellow ; the thalline margin 

 tumid, flexuose or subcrenate ; spores ellipsoid, 0,008-1 1mm. long, 

 0,005-7 mm. thick ; paraphyses not discrete, tawnj^-yellow at the i 



apices ; hymenial gelatine scarcely tinged, but the thecEe bluish with I 



iodine.— Cromb. Lich. Brit. p. 53"; Leight. Lich. Fl. p. 205, ed. 3, 

 p. 189. — Lichen epanorns Ach. Prodr. (1798) p. 39. Lecanora albo- 

 Jiavida Tayl. in Mack. Fl. Hib. ii. p. 260 ; Mudd, ITan. p. 155. — Brit. 

 Exs. : Leight. n. 397. 



Well characterized by the citrine soredia with which the thallus is 

 sprinkled throughout, and which often at length obliterate the subsqua- 

 mulose granules. In the British specimens the hypothaUus is scarcely 

 visible, and the gi'anules are more or less scattered. The apothecia are 

 present on a single specimen sparingly and not very well developed. 



Hah. On rocks and walls, chiefly schistose, in maritime and upland 

 districts. — Disfr. Local in X. Wale's, the S.W. and Central Highlands of 

 Scotland, and in S.W. Ireland. — B. M. : Cader Idris, Dolgelly (fruit), and 

 Barmouth, Merionethshire. Baliachulish, Argyleshire ; Glen Fender, 

 Blair Athole, Perthshii-e. Dunkerron, co. Kerry. 



115. L. varia Ach. Syn. (1814) p. 161. — Thallus subdeterminate 

 or effuse, thiuuish, areolato-verrucose or granulato-unequal, yellow- 

 ish-green or straw-coloured (K -|- yellow, CaCl — ) ; hypothaUus in- 

 distinct. Apothecia numerous, moderate, sessile, plane or subplane, 

 coDColorous with the thallus or pale-yellow or sublivid, often prui- 

 noso-suffused ; the thalline margin persistent, subentire. at length 

 angulose; spores ellipsoid, 0,009-11 mm. long, 0,005-6 mm, thick; 

 paraphyses not discrete ; epithecium granulose ; hymenial gelatine 

 bluish, then somewhat sordid with iodine. — Cromb. GreviUea, xviii. 

 p. 69 ; Sm. Eng. Fl. v. p. 190 pro parte ; Tayl. in Mack. Fl. Hib. 

 ii. p. 137 pro parte ; Mudd, Man. p. 149 pro parte ; Cromb. Lich. 

 Brit. p. 52 pro parte; Leight. Lich, Fl. p. 192 pro parte, ed. 3, 

 p, 176 pro parte. — Rinodina varia Gray, Xat. Arr. i. p. 452, Lichen 

 varius Ehrh. Crypt. (1785) n. 68 ; Eng. Bot. t. 1666. — Brit. Exs. : 

 Leight. n. 51 ; Larb. Lich. Hb. n. 215 ; Bohl. n. 107. 



A much less variable plant than its trivial name imports and as was 

 formerly supposed, in consequence fpf the separation by Nylander on ana- 

 tomical and other grounds of several species that follow. With us the 

 thallus is generally widely eifuse and at times is very scanty. The apo- 

 thecia are often crowded, angulose, almost obliterating the thallus. The 

 spermogones, which are not unfrequent, are immei-sed, dai-k brown or 

 blackish. 



Hah. On old pales and on the trunks of trees (chiefly pines) in mari- 

 time and upland districts. — Distr. General and common in Great Britain, 

 rare in the Channel Islands and apparently in Ireland. — B. M. : Island of 

 Guernsey, Near Yarmouth, Suffolk ; Walthamstow, Essex ; Finchley, 

 Middlesex; Shiere, Surrey; St. Leonard's Forest, Sussex; Lyndhurst, 

 New Forest, Hants : near Bovey Tracey, S. Devon ; Elstree, Hertford- 

 shire ; Gauilingay, Cambridgeshire ; Gopsall Park, Leicestershire ; Hay 

 Park, Herefordshire ; Battenhall, near Worcester ; Harboro' Magna, 

 Warwickshire ; Barmouth, Merionethshire ; near Shrewsbury, Shrop- 

 shire ; Ayton, Cleveland, Yorkshire ; Wark-on-Tyne and near Hexham, 



