460 LICHEN^ACEI. [lECAXOKA, 



from upland to alpine situations. — Diafr. Local in E. and N. England, 

 Js . Wales, and S. Scotland ; general and plentiful on the Grampians ; not 

 seen fi'om Ireland. — B. M. : Near Xorwich, Norfolk ; near Bury St. Ed- 

 mund's, Suffolk ; Cwm Byclian, Merionethshire ; Ayton Muor, Cleveland, 

 Yorkshire ; Teesdale, Durham. Pentlaud Hills, near Edinburgh : Ben 

 Cruachan. Argyleshire ; Ben Lawers, ]ien Vrackie, Blair Athole, Perth- 

 shire ; Katela^v and Clova mts., Forfarshire ; Morrone, Ben Macdhui, 

 Glen Dee and mts. about Invercaidd, Braemar, Aberdeenshire ; Glen 

 Nevis, Inverness-shire. 



Tar, y. gonatodes Ach. Lich. Univ. (1810) p. '372. — Thallus 

 subramulosc, the branches divaricate, tortuous, gibbous, lobato- 

 verrucose, difForm. Apotbecia very rare ; spores 0,036—10 mm. 

 long, 0,025-27 mm. thick. — Leight. Lich. EL ed. 3, p. 176 (excL 

 II. cit.) ; Cromb. Grevillea, xviii. p. 70. — Lichen gonatodts Ach. 

 Prodr. (1798) p. 89. 



A peculiar and well-marked plant, though probably only a monstrosity, 

 as observed by Acharius (Lich. Univ. Ac). It is apparently extreme!}- 

 rare in fruit, the spores having only been recently de.-cribed by Nylander 

 (Lich. Nov. Zeland. p. 145) from specimens gathered in the Falkland 

 Islands. 



Hab. On decayed mosses on the ground in alpine situations. — Didr. 

 Only a single specimen found on the N. Grampians, Scotland (Leightou's 

 specimens from Wales belong to var. /3). — B. M. : Summit of Ben Avon, 

 Braemar, Aberdeenshire. 



Subsp. L. suMartarea Xyl. Flora, 1882, p. 550. — Thallus more 

 or less variolose or at length leprose (K-j- yellow, the variolae 

 Ca CI -|- reddish). Apothecia somewhat small or submoderate 

 (CaCl-|- reddish), the thalline margin inflexed. — Cromb. Journ. Bot. 

 1882, p. 274. — Lecanora tartar ea subsp. paUescens f. Pprosa Nyl. 

 Not. Siillsk. pro F. et Fl. Fenn. Forh. v. (1886) p. 135. Lecanora 

 tartarea forma leprosa Leight. Lich. Fl, ed, 3, p. 175. Yar. fl. arborea 

 Mudd, Man. p. 156 pro parte. Lichenoides tartareum farinaceum, 

 scutellarum umbo ne f usee Dill. Muse. 132, t. 18. f. 12. 



The reactions of the thallus and apothecia show that this belongs to 

 L. tartarea, of which it is a good subspecies. When sterile it is easily 

 recognized by the variolarioid thallus, which at times becomes almost 

 entirely leproso-dissolved (form leprosa Nyl. /. <?., Cromb. Journ. Bot. /. c). 

 The apothecia, seldom present, are few, usually small and diiibrm, occa- 

 sionally crowned with the leprose thallus. 



Hah, On the trunks of old trees and on rocks in upland and subalpine 

 situations. — iJistr. Probably common in Great Britain and Ireland, 

 though seen only from comparatively few localities. — B. M. : Eridge 

 Rocks, Sussex ; New Forest, Hants ; Falls of Beckey, S. Devon ; 

 Roughtou, Cornwall ; Lynn Gwernon, Merionethshire ; Rosedale, York- 

 shire. New Galloway, Kirkcudbrightshire; Roslin, near Edinburgh; 

 Barcaldine, Argyleshire ; Craig Calliach, Craig TuUoch, and Ben ^'rackie, 

 Perthshire ; ^lorrone. Braemar, Aberdeenshire. Ronayue's Island, Kil- 

 larney, co. Kerry ; Clonniel, co, Tipperary ; Killerey Bay, Counemara, 

 CO. Galway. 



