LECANORA,] LECANO-tXCTDET:!. 403 



rujrulose, often thinly whitc-pruinoso (epithccium K (C:iCl) + red- 

 dish), the thalline margin somewhat thin, entire (K(CaCl)-i- red- 

 dish) ; spores 8nac, ellipsoid, (>,054-0-l- mm. long, 0,030-34 mm. 

 thick. — Cromb. Grevillea, xviii. p. 70. — Lecanora jmrella forma 

 2iaUes(ens Leight. Lich. PI. p. ISO pro parte ; ed. 3, p. 202 pro jjarte. 

 L. tdrtarea subsp. paUescens Cromb. Lich. Brit. p. 54 pro parte. 

 Lichen palles^c^ns Linn. Fl. Suec. (1755) p. 400. Lemnora palhsct-as 

 var. /3. tumklula Mudd, Man. p. 155, — Brit. Exs. : Mudd, n. 120 ; 

 Larb. Caesar, n. 76. 



Similar to L. parella, with which until recently it has been confounded, 

 but differs, though probably only as a subspecies, in the reaction of the 

 thalline margin of the a])othecia, which also distinguishes it from all coi- 

 ticolous states of L. tartarea. The thallus is usually somewhat zonate 

 at the circumference. 



Hah. On trunks of trees in maritime and upland situations. — Distr. 

 Seen from only a few localities in Great Britain, Ireland, and the Channtd 

 Islands. — B. M. : St. Lawrence, Island of Jersey. Near Hastings, Sussex ; 

 Shaukliu, Isle of Wight ; Xew Forest, Hants : near Lustleigh, S. Devon ; 

 Launceston, Cornwall : Barmouth, Merionethshire : Trefriw, Carnarvon- 

 shire ; near Easby, Cleveland, Yorkshire. Barcaldine, Argyleshire. 

 Macroom Demesne, co. Cork ; Killarney, co. Kerry. 



157. L. Upsaliensis Xvl. ex Xorrl, Xot. Siillsk. pro F. et Fl. 

 Fenn. Forh. xiii. (1873) p. 332 ; Flora, 1881, p. 454.— Thallus 

 effuse, thin, smooth or somewhat verruculose, glaucous- or greyish- 

 white (K — , CaCl — ). Apothecia small or submoderate, concave or 

 at length plane, pale, more or less white-pruinose (K(CaCl) — ) ; the 

 thalline margin thickish, entire ; spores 4-8nfp, 0,055-58 mm. long, 

 0,026-33 mm. thick. — Cromb. Grevillea, xviii. p. 70 ; Leight. Lich. 

 Fl. p. 192 pro parte, ed. 3, p. 176 pro parte. — Lecanora parella 

 var. UpsaUensis Ciomb. Lich. Brit. p. 54, Lichen Upsaliensis Linn, 

 Sp. PL (1753) p. 1142. 



Also closely allied to L. parella, but differs in the nature of the habitat 

 and especiallv in the chemical reaction of the apothf^cia. The thallus is 

 at first very thin and smooth, but at length becomes thicker and 

 granulate. The apothecia are usually numerous with the disc coarsely 

 gi-anulate. 



Hah. Incnistiug mosses on the ground in alpine situations. — Distr. 

 Only very sparingly on a few of the Grampians, Scotland. — B. M. : Craig 

 Caliiach, Perthshire ; Morrone, Braemar, Aberdeenshire. 



158. L. geminipara Fr. fil. Lich. Scand. (1871) p. 236.— Thallus 

 subeffuse, verrucose or i)apillose, greyish-white (K + yellowish-redy ; 

 the papilla? subglobose or somewhat angulose, at length sorediate at 

 the apices ( CaCl -|- reddish). Apothecia on the apices of the papillae, 

 concave, at length plane, puri)lish-black, naked ; the thalline margin 

 thick, inflexed or crenate ; spores 2na?, ellipsoid, 0,<)22-2-l mm. 

 long, 0,015-20 mm. thick ; hymenial gelatine deep blue with iodine. 

 — Cromb. Grevillea, xviii. p. 70. — Lecanora leirrothelia Xvl. Flora, 



