lecidea] lecideace^ 101 



Besembles externally Biaiorina glohulosa, for an athalline state of 

 which it might readily be taken, but is well distinguished by the colour 

 of the apothecia internally and of the hypothecium, and also by the 

 simple somewhat thicker spores. In one of the two British speici- 

 mens there are faint traces of a greyish-white thallus. The apo- 

 thecia are distantly scattered over the substratum, so that the plant 

 is apt to be overlooked. 



Hab. On old fir palings in a subalpine district. — Distr. Found 

 only very sparingly among the central Grampians, Scotland. — B. M. 

 Pass of Killiecrankie and Glen Fender, Blair Athole, Perthshire. 



188. L. nigroclavata Nyl. in Bot. Not. p. 160 (1853).— 

 Thallus effuse, very thin, greyish-brown or evanescent (K — , 

 CaCl — ). Apothecia small, superficial, at first plane and thinly 

 margined, at length convex and immarginate, blackish-brown ; 

 hypothecium brownish or colourless ; paraphyses thick, clavate 

 or almost globose and dark-brown at the apices ; spores oblong- 

 cylindrical, 0,008-10 mm. long, 0,002-4 mm. thick ; hymenial 

 gelatine bluish with iodine. — L. lenticularis subsp. nigroclavata 

 Cromb. Lich. Brit. p. 91 ; var. nigroclavata Leight. Lich. Fl. 

 p. 316; ed. 3, p. 336. L. haliola Nyl. in Flora lix. p. 308 

 (1876) ; Cromb. in Grevillea v. p. 27. L. spodoplaca Nyl. in 

 Flora Ix. p. 567 (1877); Cromb. in Grevillea vi. p. 115; Leight. 

 Lich. Fl. ed. 3, p. 307. 



Exsicc. Larb. Lich. Hb. n. 228. 



Considered by Nylander to be closely allied to Biatorina lenti- 

 cularis, which it strongly resembles in the internal appearance of the 

 apothecium and especially in the nigro-clavate paraphyses. L. haliola 

 and L. spodojplaca are saxicolous forms ; the former has the thallus 

 tinged with peroxide of iron, and has been found associated with 

 Lecanora lacustris ; the latter is greyish though sometimes greenish 

 (f. viridicascens Nyl. Z. c). On wood the thallus is hypophloeodal, 

 the gonidia being situated beneath the surface of the substratum. 



Hah. On the trunks of old trees or palings in S. England and S. 

 Ireland ; on moist maritime rocks in W. Ireland. — B. M. Lignicolous : 

 Shanklin, I. of Wight ; Lehenagh, near Cork, Limerick, Clare. 

 Saxicolous : Derryclare, Killery Bay and Kylemore Lake, Connemara, 

 Galway. 



189. L. xanthococca Sommerf. Suppl. Fl. Lapp. p. 154 

 (1826); Nyl. Lich. Scand. p. 243. — Thallus effuse, thinnish, 

 granulose or verrucose, the granules often more or less scattered, 

 convex or somewhat depressed, straw-coloured or pale-yellow 

 (K -f- yellow-ochraceous, CaCl — ). Apothecia small, adnate or 

 appressed, plane, often scabrid, margined, black, concolorous 

 within, the margin thin, at times flexuose ; paraphyses slender, 

 blackish at the apices ; epithecium K -f- purplish ; hypothecium 

 black; spores ellipsoid, 0,008-0,010 mm. long, 0,004-5 mm. 

 thick ; hymenial gelatine, especially the asci, deep-blue with 

 iodine. 



The thallus, as noted by Th. Fries (Lich. Scand. p. 517), is at 

 first immersed and scattered, then erumpent, soft, with the verrucas 



