280 PYRENOCARPKI [VERRUCARIA 



8. V. rhodosticta Tayl. I. c — Thallus subtartareous, thin, 

 verrucose, the verrucae aggregate, purplish-black when dry, sub- 

 gelatinous and reddish when moist, minutely wrinkled ; perithecia 

 scattered, subglobose, scabrid. Specimen not seen. 



Considered by Taylor as allied to the previous species, also referred 

 by Miillcr-Argau (tom. cit. p. 551) to Pyrcnopsis. The descriptions 

 of both species ar3 too incomplete for accurate identification. 



Hah. On wet rocks near Sheen Bridge, Kerry. 



9. V. hydrela Ach. Syn. p. 94 (1814); (Jarovaglio Tent. 

 Bisp. Meth. Lich. p. 22, t. 1, f. 2 (1864).— Thallus olivaceous or 

 olive-brown, effuse or determinate, smooth, thin or often thickish, 

 gelatinous, becoming subtartareous, continuous, then somewhat 

 cracked, smooth, sometimes unequal. Perithecia moderate in 

 size, semi-immersed, the apex alone free, subglobose, black ; 

 perithecial wall dimidiate or continued below the base in a thin 

 layer; spores ellipsoid, rather large, 0,019-26 mm. long, 0,008- 

 18 mm. thick. — Mudd Man. p. 285; Shackleton & Hebden in 

 Naturalist 1892, p. 17. V. laevata Leight. Angioc. Lich. p. 44, 

 t. 19, f. 1 (1851) pro parte? Y. elseomelsena Massal. in Atti. 

 Istit. Ven. 1857, p. 380, t. 5, figs. 1-4. F. margacea var. 

 hydrela Nyl. in Maine et Loire, Mem. Soc. Acad. iv. p. 26 (1858) ; 

 Cromb. Lich. Brit. p. 112. Lithoicea elseomelsena Massal. I. c. 



Exsicc. Cromb. n. 198 (as F. elseomelsena). 



Distinguished from allied species by the continuous unequal 

 thallus; the spores measure 0,012 mm. thick in the specimens 

 examined. 



Hah. On rocks which are often under water. — Distr. Kare in 

 Central and W. England, and the Grampians, Scotland. — B. M. On 

 rocks in streams, Chedworth, Gloucestershire; Malvern, Worcester- 

 shire ; bed of the Wye, Buxton, Derbyshire. 



10. V. Isevata Ach. Lich. Univ. p. 284 (1810).— Thallus pale- 

 greyish-brown, rather thick, tartareous, continuous or cracked- 

 areolate, whitish towards the edges and determinate with a dark- 

 coloured hypothallus. Perithecia immersed, the black shining 

 ostiole emerging ; perithecial wall entire, thickish ; spores 8 in the 

 ascus, ellipsoid, large, 0,018-24 mm. long or longer, 0,010- 

 11 mm. thick; by menial gelatine wine-red with iodine. — Borr. 

 in Sm. Engl. Bot. Suppl. n. 2623, f. 2 ; Hook, in Sm. Engl. Fl. v. 

 p. 153 ; Tayl. in Mackay Fl. Hib. ii. p. 91 ; Leight. Angioc. Lich. 

 p. 44, t. 19, f. 1 pro parte & Lich. Fl. p. 418; ed. 3, p. 449 ; 

 Mudd Man. p. 286. 



ExsicG. Leight. n. 198; Mudd n. 273. 



Closely allied to the preceding but distinguished by the more 

 tartareous deeply-cracked areolate thallus and the covered perithecia. 



Hah. On rocks and stones usually in streams. — Distr. In upland 

 districts, rare in N. England, the Grampians, Scotland, and S. and 

 W. Ireland.—^. M. Craigforda and brook between Tugford and 

 Abdon, Shropshire ; Kiver Ithon, Llandrindod, Eadnorshire ; Carnedd 



