284 rYllENOCAUPKI [VERRUCAKIA 



(jlaucina, inol. subsp. fiuhfusrclhi) ; Lei^lit. Jjich. Fl. p. 424 ; ed. .'i, 

 p. 455. V. nuircHcens subsp. fiuhjmrella Nyl. Licli. Scand. p. 271 

 (1861). V. mortarii Leigbt. Licb. Fl. ed. .'i, p. 54() (non Arn.). 

 Endocarpon viridnlum Schrad. Hpicil. FL Germ. p. 192 (1794). 

 Lichen tc.ssc.Uafas Sm. Engb Bot. t. 5315 (1798) ? Fyrenula tensellata 

 S. F. Gray Nat. Arr. 1, p. 493(1821)? Sayedia viridula Fr. 

 Licli. Eur. p. 414 (1831) ; Leight. Angioc. Licb. p. 23, t. 7, fig. 3. 

 FjXsu'c. Leigbt. nos. 98, pro parte (as Endocarpon lithinum), 

 140 (as F. rupcstrls), 229 ; Mudd n. 279 ; Larb. Licb. HI), witbout 

 a number (as V. mortarii). 



Somewbat variable in tbe development of the thallus whicb is 

 usually rather tbick and deeply cracked, though it may become almost 

 evanescent ; it varies in colour from light greyish-green to a dirty- 

 brownish colour (subsp. subfuscella) . There is considerable similarity 

 between it and V. papillosa, but the thallus of the latter species is 

 thinner, and perithecia and spores smaller. 



I have not seen Arnold's specimen of V. mortarii; the one 

 recorded from Quy Churchyard, Cambridgeshire, is a growth form of 

 V. viridula. 



Hah. On mortar, old walls, rocks, &c. — Distr. Common in the 

 Channel Islands and throughout England, rarer in Scotland and 

 Ireland. — B. M. Alderney ; St. Minver and Withiel, Cornwall; 

 Plymouth and Torquay, Devonshire ; Bembridge and Shanklin, I. of 

 Wight ; Midhurst Bridge and Petworth, Sussex ; Hythe, Kent ;. 

 Eeigate, Surrey ; Hempstead, Gloucestershire ; Bevere and near 

 Pershore, Worcestershire ; Walthamstow, Essex ; Whitecliff Eocks, 

 near Ludlow, Shropshire ; Shelton, Beds ; Ulting, Essex ; Much Wen- 

 lock, Shropshire ; Gracedieu and Breedon-on-the-Hill, Leicestershire ? 

 (sterile thallus on an old leather sole) ; Quy, Cambridge ; Bilsdale, 

 near Guisboro' and Ayton, Cleveland, Yorkshire ; Castle Eden Dean, 

 Durham ; near Cork ; Derryquin, Kerry ; TuUy, Kylemore and Dawros 

 Eiver, Connemara, Galway. 



18. V. ochrostoma Mudd Man. p. 290 (1861).— Thallus 

 tbickisb, crustaceous, warted and wrinkled, crack ed-areolate, 

 varying in colour from dusky-cream or grey to olive, brownish- 

 black or umber. Perithecia immersed, then partly emergent, 

 black (brownish at an early stage) ; peritbecial wall thin, entire ; 

 spores oblong or elliptical, 0,018-22 mm. long, 0,010 mm. tbick. 

 — Cromb. Licb. Brit. p. Ill; Leigbt. Licb. Fb p. 424; ed. 3, 

 p. 454. Sagedia ochrostoma Borr. ex Leigbt. Angioc. Licb. p. 23, 

 t. 7, fig. 4 (1851). 



Very similar in the appearance of the thallus to some states of the 

 preceding, of which it is perhaps only a form. The perithecia are 

 brownish when young. 



Hah. On mortar of walls. — B. M. Near Henfield, Sussex (the only 

 locality). 



19. V. macrostoma DC. Fb Franc, ii. p. 313 (1805).— Thallus 

 tawny-brow^nisb, cartilaginous, rather tbick, cracked-areolate, tbe 

 areolae subsquamulose or raised into irregular warts. Perithecia 



