286 PYIIENOCARPKI | VERRUOARIA 



apeciinciis and agree outwardly with the dcscriijtions given, but the 

 spores, though at iirst simple, bccoiuo finally 1- or more-Heptate. 



Hab. On micaceous rocks. — B. M. Lough Feagh, Connemara (the 

 only locality). 



22. V. fusco-cinerascens Nyl. in Flora lix. p. 310 (1876). — 

 Thallus greyish-brown, cracked-areolate, unequal, thin. Peri- 

 thecia black, semi-immersed ; perithecial wall entirely black ; 

 spores oblong, 0,022-27 mm. long, 0,008-010 mm. thick. — Cromb. 

 in Grevillea v. p. 29 ; Leight. Lich. Fl. ed. 3, p. 457. 



Hab. On micaceous rocks. — B. M. Connemara, Gal way (the only 

 locality?). 



Thallus criistaceous or cartilaginous, continuous or cracked-areolate j 



determinate. 



23. V. nigrescens Pers. in Ust. Ann. Bot. xiv. p. 36 (1795). 



Thallus brown or nearly black, tartareous, cracked-areolate, or 



uneven, thin or thickish, determinate, with a black hypothallus. 

 Perithecia of a medium size, immersed, then more or less project- 

 in"-, usually numerous ; perithecial wall entire, thick above, 

 spreading at the base, with a thinner layer below ; spores oblong, 

 015-24 mm. long, 0,005-9 mm. thick or occasionally larger ; 

 hymenial gelatine wine-red with iodine. — Hook, in Sm. Engl. Fl, 

 V. p. 155 ; Leight. Angioc. Lich. p. 62, t. 27, fig. 1 & Lich. Fl. 

 p. 420 ; ed. 3, p. 450 ; Mudd Man. p. 289 ; Cromb. Lich. Brit, 

 p. 110 pro parte. V. umbrina Ach. Meth. p. 122 (1803) (non 

 Schier.) ; Tayl. in Mackay Fl. Hib. ii. p. 93. V. neglecta Deakin 

 in Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 2, xiii. p. 32, t. 1, fig. 1 (1854). 

 V. ovata Deak. tom. cit. p. 34, t. 2, fig. 4. Lichen umbrinus Ach. 

 Lich. Suec. Prod. p. 14 (1798) ; Sm. Engl. Bot. t. 1499. Pyrenula 

 nigrescens Ach. Syn. p. 126 (1814) ; Hook. Fl. Scot. ii. p. 46 ; 

 S. F. Gray Nat. Arr. i. p. 494. 



Exsicc. Mudd n. 277 ; Leight. n. 101 (as F. umbrina). 



The thallus varies in colour from brownish-grey to dark-reddish- 

 brown or dull-brownish-black. The hypothallus forms a black line 

 at the edge, but occasionally, as on flints, it is rather spreading. 



Hab. On rocks, stones, bricks, mortar, &c., especially in calcareous 

 districts.— Dtsir. Frequent in the Channel Islands, England and 

 Wales, somewhat rare in Scotland and Ireland. — B. M. St. Merryn, 

 Cornwall; Shanklin, I. of Wight; Torquay, Devon; Lyme Eegis, 

 Dorset; Goring, Brighton and Mailing Down, Sussex; Reigate and 

 Shiere, Surrey; Little Baddon and Epping Forest, Essex; Dyke 

 Hill. Oxfordshire ; Knightsford Bridge and Malvern, Worcestershire ; 

 near Chepstow, Monmouthshire; Tenby, Pembrokeshire; Llany- 

 m;>Tiech, Shropshire; Pwlheli, Diganwy, near Conway and Nevin, 

 Carnarvonshire ; Carlton Bank and Ayton, Cleveland, Yorkshire ; 

 Ben Lawers, Perthshire; Ringaskiddy and near Cork; Ballinakill, 

 Galway. 



24. V. mauroldes Schser. Spicil. Lich. Helv. p. 335 (1836). — 

 Thallus thin, dark umber-brown, subdeterminate, continuous or 



