porina] pyrenulace^ 335 



has been considerable confusion between this plant and Verrucaria 

 olivacea Borr. : the latter has much longer multiseptate spores. 



Hab. On bark of trees. — Distr. Frequent in the Channel Islands, 

 England, and S., W. and Central Ireland, very rare in Scotland. — 

 B. M. Torquay, Devon ; Crawley, Sussex ; Ulting, Essex ; near Norton, 

 Worcester; Shelton Rough, near Shrewsbury, and Church Stretton, 

 Shropshire ; Gwydir Woods, Bettws-y-Coed and Trefriw, Carnarvon- 

 shire ; Ayton, Sowerdale and Cliffrigg, Cleveland, Yorkshire ; Castle 

 Bernard, Enniskean, Crosshaven and Tullagreen, Cork ; Glencar and 

 Killarney, Kerry ; Killdare, Clare ; Maam Turk Mts. and Dawros 

 Bridge, Connemara, Galway ; Armagh. 



6. P. aflinis A. Zahlbr. L c. — Thallus whitish-grey or brownish, 

 effuse, smooth or wrinkled. Perithecia black, minute, hemi- 

 spherical, semi-immersed, becoming prominent; perithecial wall 

 dimidiate ; paraphyses distinct, slender, loose ; asci small, elongate 

 cylindrical, slightly swollen in the middle ; spores 6-8 in the 

 ascus, colourless, cylindrical-fusiform, 3-septate, 0,014-21 mm. 

 long, 0,003-4 ram. thick. — Sagedia affinis Massal. Mem. Lich. 

 p. 138, t. 25, fig. 169 (1853). Verrucaria affinis Cromb. in Journ. 

 Bot. xiv. p. 362 (1876) ; Leight. Lich. Fl. ed. 3, p. 472. 



Exsicc. Larb. Lich. Hb. n. 119. 



Closely related to the preceding, but with more distinct paraphyses 

 and with smaller asci and spores, the latter being often rather blunt 

 at the ends. 



Hah. On bark of trees, holly, birch, &c. — Distr. Rare in W. Ireland. 

 — B. M. Doughruagh Mts., Loughcooter, Letterfrack and Kylemore, 

 Connemara, Galway. 



7. P. chlorotica Wainio Lich. Bresil ii. p. 224 (1890). — 

 Thallus greyish, olivaceous or brown, thin, effuse or determinate, 

 continuous or slightly cracked or sometimes granular. Perithecia 

 small, black, almost globose and superficial or slightly immersed, 

 minutely papillate at the ostiole; perithecial wall incurved at 

 the base, dimidiate; paraphyses numerous, slender, distinct; 

 asci elongate-cylindrical ; spores elongate-fusiform, colourless, 

 3-septate, usually about 0,016-20 mm. long, 0,004-6 mm. thick, 

 rarely somewhat larger. — Verrucaria chlorotica Ach. Lich. Univ. 

 p. 283 (1810); Cromb. Lich. Brit. p. 116 (excl. f. carpinea) ; 

 Leight. Lich. Fl. 444 ; ed. 3, p. 472 (incl. ff. trachona & suhin- 

 tegra and var. codonoidea, excl. f. carpinea). V. trachona Ach. 

 Meth. Suppl. p. 16 (1803); Engl. Bot. t. 2647? Tayl. in Mackay 

 Fl. Hib. ii. p. 93 (1836) pro parte; Leight. Angioc. Lich. p. 50, 

 t. 22, fig. 1. F. perminuta Deakin in Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 2, 

 xiii. p. 35, t. 2, fig. 6 (1854); Leight. Lich. Fl. p. 450; ed. 3, 

 p. 482. V. Earrimanni Leight. Lich. Fl. ed. 3, p. 476 (1879) 

 (non Ach.). V. codonoidea Leight. Angioc. Lich. p. 53, t. 23, fig. 3 

 (1851). F. suhintegra Nyl. in Flora xlviii. p. 212 (1865) ; Cromb. 

 Lich. Brit. p. 116. Artliopyrenia macularis Mudd Man. p. 300, 

 t. 5, fig. 125 (1861) (incl. vars. codonoidea & trachona, excl. 



