342 PYRENOCARPEI [PYRENULA 



specific (livorf^oncc from the type, but in many specimens individual 

 perithccia become larj^er or are more emergent. 



Hah. On the bark of trees. — Distr. Ahnost coextensive but rarer 

 than tlio species; not recorded from Scotland. — B. M. Jersey; 

 Sark ; Withiel, Cornwall ; Becky Falls, Ullacombe, and Berry 

 Castle, Totnes, Devon ; Chelford, Gloucestershire ; Wakehurst and 

 Hastings, Sussex ; Bagley Woods, Berks ; Gloddaeth, Conway, Car- 

 narvonshire ; Bolton Woods, Lancashire; Kildale and Ayton, Cleve- 

 land, Yorkshire; Derrycuintry and Tore Mts., Cromaglown, Crogham 

 and Muckruss Demesne, Killarnej', Kerr^^ 



119. ANTHRACOTKECIUM Hampe ex Massal. in Att. 1st. 

 Venet. ser. 3, v. p. 300 (1860); A. Zahlbr. in Engler & Prantl 

 Pflanzenf. i. 1*, p. 68 (1903). (PI. 55.) 



Thallus crustaceous, superficial or developed within the 

 substratum. Perithecia simple, scattered or coherent, more or 

 less immersed, globose or somewhat angular with entire peri- 

 thecial wall ; paraphyses unbranched, free ; spores 1-8 in the 

 ascus, elongate or ellipsoid, brown, muriform, the cells containing 

 lentiform, round or angular gutt?e. Spermogones globose, small ; 

 spermatia threadlike, bent. 



A corbicolous, tropical and subtropical genus, with only one 

 representative in Europe. 



1. A. hibernicum A. L. Sm. — Thallus yellowish-olive or 

 brownish, waxy, continuous, smooth and somewhat shining. 

 Perithecia globose, large, black, deeply immersed in the tissue of 

 the substratum, solitary or usually several cohering, opening by a 

 pore, raising and splitting the thallus and cuticle ; perithecial 

 wall very thick, entire, with an inner very dark layer ; 

 paraphyses numerous, slender ; asci 8-spored, the spores vary- 

 ing in form and size, usually ellipsoid and blunt at the ends, 

 sometimes slightly bent, colourless, usually becoming brown, 

 with 1-5 distinct septa and others less clearly marked, muri- 

 form, the walls between the cells swollen and indistinct, the 

 separate cells visible only as separate globose or angular guttse, 

 0,050-110 mm. long, 0,020-40 mm. thick. — Verrucaria hihernica 

 Nyl. in Flora li. p. 163 (1868). V. pyrenuloides var. hihernica 

 Carroll in Journ. Bot. vi. p. 101 (1868); Cromb. Lich. Brit, 

 p. 118 ; Leight. Lich. Fl. p. 458 ; ed. 3, p. 490. 



Considered by Nylander to be closely allied to, if not a variety of, 

 Verrucaria 'pyrenuloides {Trypethelium jpyrenuloides Mont, in Ann. 

 Sci. Nat. ser. 2, xix. p. 69 (1843)), a plant of tropical and subtropical 

 regions. It differs in the lighter-coloured thallus and somewhat in 

 the form of the spores. I have not seen a specimen of Montague's 

 plant. 



Hah. On hazel.— 5. M. Tore Mt. and Eagle's Nest, Killarney, 

 Kerry (the only localities). 



