28 



THE CRANIOMETRY OF SOUTHERN NEW ENGLAND INDIANS. 



In the same \\-a.y, the occipital angle shows the amount of curvature of the occipital bone 

 and the development of the occipital lobes of the brain. (The occipital lobes include the 

 general areas for vision.) 



The occipital bone has a characteristically large protuberance in these skulls. The size 

 of the angle varies, in the male, from 97° to 126°; in the female, from 112° to 129°. 



The amount of prognathism may be determined by the comparison of the angle formed 

 by the intersection of the lines, nasion-prosthion and basion-prosthion. 



This angle (ba. pr. n.) varies, in the male, from 65° to 80°; in the female, from 70° 

 to 86° ; the majority in both sexes are veiy near 70°. 



The value of the angle formed by the intersection of the lines opisthion-basion and' 

 prosthion-basion gives the amount of inclination of the occipital foramen, which in its turn 

 is correlated with the relation of the head to the vertebral column. As is shown by the 

 diagrams on Plate VII, the inclination of the occipital foramen, in the chimpanzee and in 

 modern man, is- reversed when taken in relation to the line prosthion-opisthion, while that 

 of the prehistoric skull of La Chapelle aux Saintes is about half way between the two. As 

 the value of the angle approaches 18"^ the condition is probably more nearly primitive 

 than when the value approaches 90^. In order to make a comparison, the specimens were 

 divided into two classes, those with an angle greater than 165°, Plate IX, and those with 

 one less than 165°, Plate X. Of the males, 40.91% have an angle greater than 165°; 

 of the females, 41.18%. The smallest angle of all the specimens examined (which was 

 only 39) was that of a female and measured 138.5°, Plate VIII. 



CONCLUSIONS. 



As a result of these measurements, I can state that a typical cranium of the Southern 

 New England Indian might have the following measurements since these are the average 

 measurements of male and female taken separately. 



TABLE XXV. 

 Table of Average Measurements. 



Greatest length 



Glabella-inion length 



Nasion-inion length 



Frontal arc 



Parietal arc 



Occipital arc 



Frontal chord 



Parietal chord 



Occipital chord 



Total facial length 



Superior facial length 



Orbital height 



Nasal height 



Chin height 



Least frontal breadth 



Inter-frontomalarc temporale 

 Intcr-frontomalare orbitale . . 



182,2 



175-5 



171.0 



126.2 



122.7 



1 18.8 



1 13.6 



109.6 



97.8 



113-58 



6q.2 



33-83 



50.35 



34-1 



03.2 



98.0 



98.05 



mm. 

 mm. 

 mm. 

 mm. 

 mm. 

 mm. 

 mm. 

 mm. 

 mm. 

 mm. 

 mm. 

 mm. 

 mm. 

 mm. 

 mm. 

 mm. 

 mm. 



175-5 



164-4 



160.3 



123.0 



1 19-4 



113-3 



108.8 



107.2 



96.S 



111.9 



67.3 



33-7 



40.40 



3-2-5 



90.0 



93-0 



93.0 



mm. 

 mm. 

 mm. 

 mm. 

 mm. 

 mm. 

 mm. 

 mm. 

 mm. 

 mm. 

 mm. 

 mm. 

 mm. 

 nmi. 

 mm. 

 mm. 

 mm. 



