THE GRAVES. 6 I 



characteristic yellow-brown color of limonite, and is supposed to have been part of the 

 "make-up" outfit of the woman whose bones were excavated here. The pigment, however, 

 was perhaps not applied to the face, but to the legs, after the manner of the Galibi women 

 of Guiana. Describing a female mummy from the Bay of Chacota (one of those collected 

 by John J. Blake), Nadaillac states:* "The legs, from the ankle to the knee, were painted 

 red, a fashion probably dear to Peruvian coquetry, for care had been taken to place near 

 the dead, little bladders of resinous gum and red powder for her toilet in the new life that 

 had begun for her." 



The skull of one individual (Ost. Coll. 3220) is a large undeformed adult male skull, 

 having a calculated capacity of 1535 ccm. Although it is badly fractured and beyond the 

 possibility of accurate restoration, it may be regarded as an example of the mountain type. 

 While it is the largest skull in the Machu Picchu collection, it is light, and is far from- being 

 the rugose skull of a very muscular man. The inferior border of the left zygoma is as 

 smooth and delicate as that of a fifteen year old girl — a condition not commonly observed 

 in a man twenty-five years of age. The condyles and coronoid processes of the mandible 

 are correspondingly weak. The development of the clavicles and the large size of the heads 

 of the humeri are much more in keeping with the sex of the individual. There are no 

 pelvic bones. 



Of the second individual buried in this cave, little was preserved except some inferior 

 fragments of an adult female skull, and other skeletal parts in a state of poor preservation, 

 but all of female size and proportions. 



Cave 63. 



This cave was "half-way down the mountainside, northeast of the city, and near the foot 

 of Huayna Picchu." Besides a male human skeleton, f which is the most complete and the 

 best preserved of all that were obtained at Machu Picchu, the list compiled in the field includes 

 a number of valuable articles. These are as follows: A woman's bronze pin (M. P. 558), 

 two seeds ( M. P. 583, 584), a bronze ear-pendant (M. P. 585), a small bronze bell, (M. P. 

 586), a bronze pendant (M. P. 587), broken bronze tweezers (M. P. 588), four green stone 

 beads (M. P. 589), a small broken jug (M. P. 916), a pelike-shaped jug (M. P. 886), 

 pieces of brown cloth and a broken crochet needle. 



The pieces of brown cloth (Plate III, figures 18 and 19) appear to have been woven 

 from brown llama-wool yarn, the materials being lighter and of difiierent weave from the 

 blanket or shawl found in Grave 26. The broken crochet needle seems to have been lost in 

 transportation, as there is no reference to it in the Provisional List of Pottery, Bronzes, etc., 

 found at Machu Picchu. It was not, however, the only implement of the kind obtained in or 

 near Machu Picchu. 



Most of the small articles taken from this grave might belong either to a man or a 

 woman. The crochet needle mentioned by Mr. Erdis would perhaps seem more likely to be 

 a woman's implement than a man's. It should be remembered, however, that present knowl- 

 edge of the life and labors of the ancient inhabitants, both male and female, of the Inca 

 cities in the mountains is restricted largely to their ceremonial or ritual customs, and it is 

 accordingly difficult to speak with certainty of their minor daily occupations. Among the 



* Prehistoric America, page 433. 



t Dr. Ales Hrdlicka of the U. S. National Museum has kindly examined the pelvis. 



