OSTEOMETRY. 



On Table I will be found craniometric data of nearly all those skulls whose measurements 

 have been of interest in the present work. In determining the sex of the skulls, I have not 

 only had reference to the usual criteria, but have also consulted the other skeletal parts. 

 In the case of skulls, the characters of which were not sufficiently pronounced to admit of 

 certain sexual determination and which were not associated with other sexually charac- 

 teristic parts, it has been convenient to make use of the terms male? and female? Several 

 juvenile and immature skulls, as well as some that are deformed, have been for convenience 

 appended to the series. These specimens should of course be left out of the reckoning, if 

 these tables of measurement are consulted by one interested solely in the study of racial 

 characters. In preparing the tables, I have endeavored to follow the system adopted and 

 recommended by Doctor Ales Hrdlicka of the United States National Museum at Wash- 

 ington, with whose views regarding the desirability of uniform and simple craniometric 

 methods I heartily concur. It will be noted that Doctor Hrdlicka's craniometric system 

 differs in some respects from that recommended by the Entente Internationale at Monaco, 

 in 1906. 



Nine of the thirty-two measurements of the Entente are omitted, namely : 



4° b Hauteur auriculo-bregmatique. 



6° Largeur frontale maxima. 



7° Diametre bimastoidien maximum. 



15° Largeur interorbitaire. 



23° Courbe transversale. 



25° Largeur bicondylienne. 



27° Longueur de la branche montante. 



28° Largeur de la branche montante. 



30° Hauteur du corps mandibulaire. 



On the other hand, the Hrdlickan system calls for the cranial module and the thickness 

 of the left parietal, data not recommended by the Entente, and for 21° a and 21° b sub- 

 stitutes the mean diameter of the foramen magnum, and for 31° the maximum thickness 

 of the mandible at the lower right molar. 



In measuring cranial capacity, apparatus made according to the specifications published 

 in Science by Doctor Hrdlicka has been used in connection with control skulls of tested 

 capacity. A high degree of accuracy can undoubtedly be attained in this way. Regarding 

 the comparative merits of natural skulls and bronze replicas for purposes of control, T am 

 of the opinion that a natural skull properly treated inside and out with shellac, to render 

 it impervious to moisture, with all the foramina stopped except the foramen magnum, is 

 preferable to the unnaturally heavy bronze replica. 



A word of caution should be added in regard to the imported bronze replicas. One of 

 my control pieces, a Number 38 Ranke bronze skull of 1299.7 ccm. capacity, misbehaved 

 from the outset of the work. Examination of the interior of the vault showed that the 



