88 



THE COLLECTION OF OSTEOLOGICAL MATERIAL FROM MACHU PICCHU. 



With the corresponding parts of A. cuvieri they cannot be compared, as the type skull of 

 the latter species, figured in the Zoology of the Beagle, is defective. The "single, tolerably 

 large opening opposite the second molar," thought by Waterhouse to be characteristic of 

 the genus, is here represented by a pair of small foramina placed further forward, opposite 

 to the contact between the first and second molars. The width of the nasal bones anteriorly 

 is greater in the new species, and the nasal portion of the skull is less compressed. 



Measurements of Abrocoma Skulls in millimeters. 



Length of skull 51, 



Width of skull 25, 



Length of nasal bones 19. 



Width of nasal bones behind 



Width of nasal bones in front 



Width of interorbital space 



From incisor teeth to molars 



Width of incisors 



Length of four upper molars taken together 11 



Space between foremost molars 2, 



Space between the last pair of molars 4 



Antero-posterior diameter of auditoiy bullae 15 



Transverse diameter of the same 11 



Length of lower jaw 38, 



Length of angular portion of lower jaw 19, 



Height of lower jaw measured from the condyle ... 16, 

 Length-Width Index of Skull 



9 

 4 



3 



8 



o 

 o 

 8 

 2 

 I 

 I 

 8 



3 



7 

 5 

 4 

 I 



49 



3 



< 



35 

 19 

 13 



4 

 4 



9-5 

 7-9 



24.2 

 11.6 

 10. 



•55 



o 



■.= 



go I 



Si.o 

 25.0 

 20.5 



5-2 



6.0 

 9.2 



15.0 



3-0 



II. o 

 2.0 



3-4 

 15.0 



II.O 



38.8 



20.0 

 16.0 



•49 



o 



O 



rt • . 



~ " w 

 ri O c^ 

 •t; . tn 



63.8 



29.2 



23.0 



4.8 



8.5 



i3^5 

 19.0 



3-6 



13.0 



4.0 



4.4 



15.0 



II. 2 



.46 



rt 



o 



O 



U — Q- ■ 



— •. . en 



•° El 



<" >-" 

 65.0 

 29.0 

 26.5 

 6.0 

 9.2 

 14.0 

 20.0 



3-5 



13-5 



4.0 



4-5 

 15.0 



II-5 

 48.2 



26.0 



19.0 



•45 



Waterhouse states that the "skull of A. cuvieri is relatively shorter and the hinder portion 

 is more arched" than is the case with A. hcnncttii. Compared with the figure of A. cuvieri, 

 in the Zoology of the Beagle, the new species has relatively flatter parietal bones, and 

 accordingly appears to be much less highly arched posteriorly. 



The entire series of upper and lower molars is preserved. While actually larger than 

 the teeth of A. henncttii, they are identical in form with those of the Yale specimen of that 

 species, and correspond closely with the figures of the dentition of Waterhouse's two species. 



When the fauna of this region shall have been made the subject of systematic study, 

 it will be interesting to learn whether A. ohlativa must be regarded as an extinct species or 

 as one that has survived to the present day. 



No articles of apparent post-Columbian origin were found in any of the graves or caves 

 from which bones of this new species were obtained ; accordingly it cannot be claimed 

 here that A. ohlativa is in every sense a recent animal. l\\ all probability, the cultivated 

 acreage within a radius of twenty-five miles of Machu Picchu is far less now than it 

 was during the empire of the Licas. Moreover, there is to-day practically no hunting and 

 trapping carried on in the region. Li fact, general conditions are so favorable to the 



