472 MR. A. W. WATERS ON 



Tliere is a specimen from Wasin wliich has the zooecia a trifle 

 smaller than the South African and Australian specimens, and 

 the avicularia are somewhat smaller ; however, in a specimen in 

 my collection, determined by Busk as B. capensis *, there is one 

 small avicularium, while the rest are large. There is no real 

 spinous process at the outer angle, but neither do I find more 

 than a projection in any of my specimens from other localities. 



The distal rosette-plates are all close to the basal wall and very 

 small, so that it is difficult to distingviish them. In some other 

 J3ugv,lce they are similarly situated, though in others thev are 

 spread over the wall. There ai'e no ovicells in this specimen, 

 but the species has lateral ovicells like those of £. neritina L., 

 and the brown colour suggests its belonging to the neritina group. 



The primaiy zooecium is very long and narrow, followed by a 

 second long one, then a zooecium about the ordinary length, after 

 which the gi-owth is biserial. The first two zooecia remind us of 

 the segments of the stem of vai-ious Stirparice. 



Bugida, as a I'ule, shows no articulation, but B. reticulata B. 

 is distinctly articulated — that is, at the bifurcation there are 

 distinct thick articular chitinous tubes. 



Other tropical species of Bugula are : — B. deniata Lamx., 

 B. inirahilis B., B. versicolor B., B. reticulata var. unicornis B., 

 B. gracilis B., B. neritina var. rubra Thornely, B. neritina var. 

 tenuata Th., B. neritina var. ramosa Th. These last two in 

 many particulars resemble B. reticidata Bvisk. Most of the 

 tropical species have a very wide distribution. 



Log. Victoria (McG.); South Africa (as capensis); Port 

 Elizabeth, S. Africa {A. W. W. coll.). Wasin, Brit. E. Africa 

 (501), collected by Crossland. 



SCRUPOCELLARID^. 



Levinsen f does not consider that Menipea can be divided up, 

 as I J proposed, by the character of the jointing, and on p. 133 

 gives his account of the aiticulation of " all Bryo/oa that occiar 

 in jointed colonies," but his account is not exhaustive. Dealing 

 now with much more material than on the previous occasion, 

 my suggestion is more fully tested. 



The jointing in the Scrupocellaridte varies considerably, giving 

 useful specific characters, and it is most important that we should 

 trace it from its simplest to its most complicated condition. 

 As I have shown, in most articulated Bryozoa the branches 

 are at first continuous, and the last two or three biftu-cations 

 may show no sign of rupture, which only takes place after 

 the chitinous tubes have been formed ; and in most articulated 

 Bryozoa the chitinous tube is formed within the calcareous wall, 

 though in some it may be formed merely within the membranous 



* See my remarks, Journ. Linn. Soc, Zool. vol. xxxi. p. 137 (1909). 

 t Morph. & Sj-st. Studies on the Clieil. Bryo/oa, p. 133 (1909). 

 X Jouru. Liuii. Soc, Zool. vol. xxvi. p. 2 (1896). 



