496 MR, A. W. WATERS OX 



The ovicellular opening of C gracilis Busk, var., C. australis 

 MacG., G. rigida MacG., and C. hirsuta MacG., is similar; but in 

 the few cases where the ovicelkilar aperture is mentioned, it is 

 often only the incompleted opening in an early stage which is 

 described . 



The avicularia are triangular with mandibles like those of 

 C. tenuirostris B. In the aviculaiium the calcareous sub- 

 mandibular wall rises up to the proximal edge of the mandible 

 with a notch on each side, perhaps for the muscles (fig. 5), so that 

 the submandibular part of the avicularium is almost entirely 

 closed ; and this is an interesting point, for Levinsen considers 

 that the Melicei'ititidse differ from the living Cheilostomata in 

 having the submandibular portion entirely calcified. 



As I have mentioned *, there is, however, a specimen in the 

 Museum d'histoire naturelle in Paris from the Bancs des 

 Aiguilles, S. Africa, which is probabl}^ the Macrofora crihrilifera 

 Maplestone tr fossil fi-om Mitchell River, in which the large 

 vicarious avicularia have the submandibular part entirely 

 calcified. Maplestone mentions that three of the zooecia have a 

 " calcareous closure." I have previously stated that there seem 

 to me to be some points of relationship between Cellaria and 

 Melicerititidae. 



Levinsen deals but very shortly with the avicularia of Cellaria, 

 and I am not quite sure that I follow what he means about the 

 avicularium of C. malvinensis. He, however, says that the sub- 

 mandibular cry ptocyst reaches up to the operculum in Cfistulosa. 

 I have not seen it lise as it does in C loasinensis in any of my 

 specimens of Cfistulosa L., but there is a similar wall rising to 

 the base of the mandible in C. variabilis B., C. hirsuta MacG., 

 and C. gracilis B. ; C. variahilis has two slits in the submandibular 

 part. More frequently there is an open rounded submandibular 

 space as in C. dennanti MacG.J, C malvinensis B.J, C. australis 

 H., Cfistiolosa, C. tenuirostris Brisk, and C toandeli Calvet. In 

 Cfistulosa this is not much more than a wide round sinus. 



There are two species which have been taken for C. nuilvinensis 



B. The fii-st, which I have from Wanganui, New Zealand, has a 

 fairly large submandibular space with a distinct ridge where the 

 proximal end of the mandible comes, in fact in a few cases this is 

 continued, forming a bridge across. The mandible soon contracts, 

 with the distal end lanceolate. The other form is slightly 

 smaller, from Bale Orange, S. Africa, and mentioned by Jullien as 



C. malvinensis. It has the sides of the zooecia straight, the distal 

 end rounded, and the submandibular part of the avicularium rises 

 up to the mandible, having two diagonal slits. The mandible is 

 shorter than in the other species, sloping gradually to the apex. 

 Whenever this is figured it might be called C.jullieni. The 



* Resultats du Voyage du S.Y. Belgica, " Bryozoa," p. 35 (1904). 

 f '• Fuither Desc. of the Tert. Poly, of Victoria," Pi'oc. Roy. Soc. Vict. vol. xiii. 

 n. s., p. 204, pi. xxiv. fig.2 (IflOl). 



+ Res. du Voy. du S.Y. Belgica, pi. ii. fig. 9 « & pi. viii. iigs. 4, 5. 



