ox THE ENEMIES OF BUTTERFLIES. 613 



ones are of the same type as those of P. orientalis, a vesicular 

 gland with a narrow duct lying in the leg. 



The only other particular in which my specimens differ from 

 those of Prof. Bouvier is in i*espect to the female generative 

 organs. In the two examples that he dissected there was little 

 or no trace of a receptaculum seminis, but he points out that the 

 ovaries were veiy large, thus making the dissection diificult. 



In both the females that I dissected it was easy to trace the 

 oviducts for the whole of their course, and shoi-tly after their 

 emergence from the ovarian sac, where they at once diverge from 

 one another, there was a well-marked receptaculum seminis on 

 each side, full of sperm. This is another point of resemblance 

 between this species and F. orientalis, which seems on the whole 

 to be the most nearly related form. 



39. Field-Observations on the Enemies of Butterflies in 

 Ceylon. Bj J. C. F. Feyer, M.A., F.E.S. ; Fellow of 

 Gonville and Caius College, Balfour Student in the 

 University of Cambridge,* 



[Received April 22, 1913 ; Read May 6, 1913.] 



Ethology (Birds and Butterflies). 



The subject of Birds and Butterflies in Ceylon has already been 

 admirably dealt with by Col. N. Manders in his paper entitled 

 " An Investigation into the Validity of Miillerian and other forms 

 of Mimicry, with special reference to the Islands of Bourbon, 

 Mauritius, and Ceylon " f. In spite of this, however, I venture 

 to place on record a few further notes from the island, partly 

 because they deal more fully with the butterfly-eating habits of a 

 most interesting bird, the Wood-Swallow {Artamv.s fiuHcus VieilL), 

 but also because the subject, with its direct bearing on the various 

 theories of mimicry, is essentially one which requires as many 

 observations as possible before any fair generalisations can be 

 made. 



A residence of a year and nine months, largely devoted to 

 entomological research, gave an opportunity for keeping a con- 

 tinual watch on certain of the more common insectivorous birds ; 

 and the following notes comprise every observation made during 

 that period. The locality in each case, unless otherwise stated, 

 is the celebrated Botanical Gaixlen at PeradeniyaJ. Other 

 localities mentioned are Yavonia-Valunkulam, Maha Ulupalama, 

 and Trincomalee — all places in the hot dry northern country, 

 which is characterised by the large area of jungle it contains, 



* Communicated bv Prof. J. Stanlet Gaedixeu, M.A., F.R.S., F.Z.S. 



t Proc. Zool. Soc. 1911, p. 696. 

 X Elevation about 1600 feet. 



41* 



