1044 DR. p. CHALMERS MITCHELL ON THE 



In the Ratites the P. longus is the dominant muscle and does 

 not differ except in minor details from the type in Chauna which, 

 for convenience, I may call the " normal " arrangement. The 

 Peroneus brevis is at least functionally absent, but the Apteryges 

 stand apart from the others in possessing an undoubted vestige 

 of it. 



CARINATZE. 



CoLYMBOMORPHtE. 

 COLYMBIFORMES. 



C o 1 y m b i. I have not examined a Diver. 



Podicipedes. Podicejjs cristata andi-". miiioi-. — In both these 

 Grebes the P. longus was badly developed, with delicate super- 

 iicial and deep origins passing into a long rounded tendon about 

 half-way between the knee and the tarsal joint. In the Crested 

 Grebe this tendon passed straight to the sustentaculum, so that 

 its insertion was represented only by a narrow anchor, there 

 being no slip to III. In the Little Grebe the anchor was similar 

 but I was able to trace a minute but normal slip to III. On the 

 other hand, in the Crested Grebe there was a minute and certainly 

 functionless tendon representing the P. brevis which I did not 

 find in the Little Grebe. 



Sphenisciformes. 



Sphe nisei. Spheniscus demersus. — P. longus rather weak 

 but all origins present ; anchor and slip to III both slender and 

 short. P. brevis was also slender bvit arose fleshy from the 

 greater length of the shaft of the fibula and tibia and was 

 inserted by the usual slender flat tendon I'unning in a synovial 

 groove under the slip to III. Gadow mentions that it is present 

 but weak in Apienodytes, Beddard's statement that it does not 

 occur in Penguins is erroneous. 



Procellariiformes. 



T u b i n a r e s. — Daj^tion capensis. Procellaria (? species). Ocea- 

 nodroma (? species). — In the Cape Pigeon and the two Petrels the 

 P. longus was rather small with only the superficial origin, which 

 quickly passed into a A^ery long, slender tendon ending in a 

 delicate anchor and a slender slip to III. The P. brevis had a 

 short but strong origin from high up the fibula ; this passed into 

 a strong and very long tendon with the usual flat insertion. The 

 P. brevis is rather stronger than the P. longus. The examples 

 of Petrels which I examined were part of the material of W. A. 

 Forbes and had been preserved in spirit for at least thirty years. 

 I was interested to note that they still retained a very strong 

 musky odour, so clinging that although I used several kinds of 

 soap and petrol I could not get lid of it for several days. 



