NEWTON: CRETACEOUS CONCHOLOGY OF S. AFRICA. 147 
Dr. Franz Kossmat 1 has quite recently issued a paper on 
the Southern Indian Cretaceous formation, and compares it with 
other areas of similar age based mainly on a study of the 
molluscan fauna of this period. He recognises the fact, long 
since pointed out by Baily, Stoliczka, Griesbach and others, 
that the Upper Cretaceous beds of South Africa represented by 
the Izinhluzabalungu deposits bear a Southern Indian facies, and 
may be grouped according to the divisions now adopted by the 
Geological Survey of India for that country. 
These beds he tabulates, with their European equivalents, as 
follows :— 
(1) Chalk, with Ammonites Gardeni \ —=Antyalur group 
(—Senonien). 
(2) Soft Sandstone, with numerous 
Bivalves and  Gastropods 
‘ , Bay —Trichinopoly group 
(Fasciolaria rigida, Chem- poly group 
re ; (=Turonien). 
nitzia undosa, Protocardium 
fiillanum, ete. 
(3) Sandstone with Ammonites Um- 
bolazt, A. Soutoni, A. Stangert, 
A. rembda, A. Kayet, Ant- 
soceras rugalum. =Utatur group 
(4) Soft brown Sandstone (resem- (==Cenomanien). 
bling No. 2), with Z7gonza 
Shepstonet. 
(5) Chalky Sandstone, with Zeredo. 
From the foregoing epitome of the history of Cretaceous 
mollusca in South Africa, it will be observed that the Upper 
Cretaceous forms have been restricted to one particular region 
on the southern boundary of Natal, now extended northwards 
to Sofala in consequence of the discovery of A/ectryonta ungu- 
/ata at that place; whilst the Lower Cretaceous or Neocomian 
1 Die Bedeutung der siidindischen Kreide-Formation fiir die Beurtheilung der geo- 
graphischen Verhdltnisse wahrend der spateren Kreidezeit, /ahrb, k. k. geol. 
Reichsanstalt (Wien), 1894, vol, xliv., part 3, p. 463. 
