NOTES FROM THE WEST OF IRELAND. 187 
common, and many detached spirals occur. elcion pellucidum, 
Patella vilgata, and Tectura virginea with embryo spiral cap are 
also plentiful. The most important record from Dogs Bay is 
undoubtedly that of Zepton Sykes¢ Chaster. (Original description 
“Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist.”, March, 1895, p. 248; further notes 
by J. T. Marshall “ Journ. Malacol.”, June, 1895, p. 36). Both 
record it only from Guernsey, but Dr. Chaster informs us that 
he has since received it from Cornwall, and future investigations 
with the dredge will probably show it to be generally distributed 
around the British coasts. 
Not the least interesting of our discoveries at Dogs Bay was 
the finding of a series of curious “ Kitchen-middens” on the 
isthmus, which it may not be out of place to mention here. 
The isthmus is in most places scattered over with quantities of 
marine shells, intermixed with the AZ. zemoralis and other land 
shells ; but in parts there are great mounds, each composed of 
one particular species, disposed in such a manner as to entirely 
preclude the idea that they can have been formed by other than 
human agency. Further confirmation, if needed, that these 
mounds are the “kitchen-middens” of a primitive people, 
was afforded by the discovery of twelve ‘“ hammer-stones,” 
all showing signs of use; the upper part of a quern, and a 
portion of another; numerous round charred stones—which 
had possibly been used as “ pot-boilers ”’—together with many 
teeth and broken bones of various animals, but no trace of 
pottery was observed. ‘The principal ‘‘ middens ” were severally 
composed of the shells of Patella vulgata, Littorina littorea, 
and Purpura lapillus, but in some cases all three were mixed 
indiscriminately, and along with them a few shells of Bucctnum 
wndatum, and other marine shells occurred. ‘These mounds 
which are shown on Pls. V—VII from photos taken on the spot 
by Mr. R. Welch, will serve as a characteristic illustration of the 
manner in which onespecies of shell only is found in one particular 
““midden.” On closer examination we found signs of fire in 
every direction, and especially in the Littorina-mounds, where 
