420 



ME. B. M'^LACHLAN ON A 



Fig. 4. 



ments are tHose of a male pupa whicli had died before transforma- 

 tion, probably from being without any thing in the jar of water up 

 which it could crawl into the open air for metamor]3hosis. All the 

 fragments show the transparent 

 pupa integument enveloping the 

 perfect insect, which was fully 

 formed and ready to emerge. 

 Ordinarily it would be almost 

 impossible to identify a species 

 from such fragments. The man- 

 dibles are very long and strong 

 sickle-shaped, but considerably 

 dilated at the basal articulation 

 (they are more formidable struc- 

 tures than are often seen in Tri- A, Maxillary and labial palpi. B. Por- 

 1 . \ -D - • <i tious of tarsus. C. Mandibles, 



chopterous pupae). xJut neither 



these, the antennae, nor the unexpanded wings would have given 

 any clue had the maxillary palpi not rendered identification both 

 possible and certain. These organs prove that the New-Zealand 

 marine Caddis-fly is no other than Philanisus plehejus, Walker 

 ( = Anomalostoma alloneura, Brauer), a species in which the maxil- 

 lary palpi of the male present a remarkable and unique conforma- 

 tion of the second joint, which is very long, curved, and having the 

 insertion of the thircljoint placed considerahly before its apex. (In 

 the female the second joint is also long ; but the third joint is in- 

 serted, as is usual, at its ajjex.) 



So far this is a very satisfactory conclusion to arrive at. But 

 Philanisus plelejus is already known from several localities in 

 New Zealand ; and one would like to know if it is always found 

 on the sea-shore. The other locality-records give us no informa- 

 tion on this point. 



The insect was first noticed (I can scarcely say " described ") by 

 "Walker in 1852, in Part I. of the ' Catalogue of the Specimens of 

 Neuropterous Insects in the Collection of the British Museum,' 

 p. 115, as a new genus and species which he termed Philanisus 

 plelejus, indicated as from " New Zealand, Dr. Sinclair." 

 Walker made no mention of the extraordinary formation of the 

 palpi ; his diagnosis is very vague ; and he placed the insect in 

 the family Hydropsychidse. In the Neuropterous portion of the 

 ' Eeise der Novara,' published in 1866, Dr. Brauer gave a very 

 detailed and full description, with excellent figures, of the 



