ABIETINEZ OF CALIFORNIA. 357 
In the Coast Ranges only about Fort Tejon, and from the eastern slope of the Sierra Nevada through Nevada 
and Arizona to S. Utah, frequent in the mountains and often in the most arid localities ; well known as the “ Nut 
Pine,” and the seeds invaluable to the Indians as an article of food. It was long considered probable that the terete 
leaf was in reality a connate pair, but the structure shows a single bundle of vessels and therefore a single leaf. The 
ducts, always peripheral, vary greatly in number, from 2 or 3 to 12 or 14, 
5. P. Parryana, Engelm. A small tree, 20 or 30 feet high and 10 to 18 inches in diameter, with a round top : 
leaves 3 to 5 (mostly 4) in ee paige: 1} to 14 inches long : male flowers oval, with 4 involucral bracts in the re 
of broadly oval acute bracts : s subglobose, 1} to 2 inches thick, with strongly elevated knobs : seeds oval, 5 
lines jong with a thin saheciaen mottled shell : ae 8. -— Amer. Journ. Sci. 2 ser, xxxiv. 332, note ; Met 
1 P. Llaveana, Torr. Bot. Mex. Bound. 208, t 
eid far found | sit once, by Dr. C. C. Parry, 40 ne southeast of San Diego, just across the boundary [125] 
line, at an altitude of 2,000 or 3,000 feet. One of the four nut pines, and distinguished from the last principally 
by the number of leaves in a sheath. 
+ + Leaves in fives : cones ovate to subcylindrical, with numerous scales : seeds small, winged. 
6. P. Batrourrana, Jeffrey. A medium-sized tree, seldom over 50 feet high and sometimes 5 feet in diameter, 
of regular pyramidal growth: bark red-brown, deeply fissured ; leaves 1 to 1} inches long, rigid, curved, crowded, and 
appressed to the stem and persistent for 10 or 15 years: male flowers oval, a half-inch long, with 4 involucral bracts 5 
anthers with a short irregularly denticulate crest: cones pendulous from the slender branchlets, subcylindrical, 3} to 4 
or rarely 5 inches long, dark purple ; apophyses thick, with short deciduous prickles : seeds pale, mottled, 33 to 4 lines 
long ; = 6 to 10 lines long, widest about the middle : cotyledons 5.— Gordon, Pin. 217. 
. ARISTATA. Tree 50 to sometimes 100 feet high : anthers with scarcely a knob : cones ovate, with thinner 
scales, ae with shorter recury = or slender awn- an prickles : seeds smaller, 3} lines inet "e wings 3} to 5 lines een: 
cotyledons 6 or 7.— P. a Engelm. 1. ¢ and Trans. Acad. St. Louis, ii. 205, t. 5, 6 ; Parlat. 1. c. 400 
Alpine, on paces is near © Mount Shasta pas y) ; on the flanks of Scott Mountains, pare dark green belt 
from 5,000 to 8,000 feet altitude between the lighter colored ‘P. monticola below and P. flexilis, var. albicaulis, above 
it (Lemmon) ; on the headwaters of King and Kern Rivers (Brewer, Stegman), and on Mount Whitney, Rothrock. The 
. variety, with recurved prickles, on the Inyo Mountains (Stegman) and thence sparsely scattered on the higher moun- 
tains through Nevada, Northern Arizona, and Southern Utah ; the form with awned scales in Colorado. Mr. Lemmon 
aemnroge the bark as reddish brown ; the Colorado form has reddish gray bark. The reddish wood is of extremely slow 
gro hard and tough. Hypoderm cells surround the leaf and also the ducts, distinguishing the leaves from those of 
FP. ey 
* * Resin-ducts parenchymatous : leaves serrulate, with stomata upon all sides ; sheaths persistent. 
+ Cones subterminal. 
++ Leaves in fives. 
7. P. Torreyana, Parry. A small tree, 20 or 30 feet high and 12 to 15 inches in diameter: leaves crowded at 
the ends of the thick branchlets in the axils of lanceolate strongly fringed bracts, very stout, 8 to 11 inches long; ‘de 
sheaths 15 to 18 lines long, old ones 6 lines long, cones ovate, 4 to 44 inches long by 34 thick, patulous or defer ed o 
peduncles an inch long ; umbo short and stout or persiren: elongated and inflexed: seeds oval, 8 to 10 lines ied 
twice as long as the wing, which encloses the seed with a thick rim: dara 13 or 14. — Bot. Mex. Bound. 210, t. 
58, 59. P. lophosperma, “Lindl, in Gard. Chron. 1860, 46 ; Pac lc. 3 
e coast of Southern California, from San Diego to San Polk buffeted by the sea winds and generally 
crooked and laa defaced. The leaves are perhaps the stoutest of any known pine ; seeds large and edible. 
+4 +4 Leaves in threes. 
8. P. ponpERosa, Dougl. One of the largest pines known (200 to 300 feet high and 12 to 15 feet in diameter), 
with very thick red-brown bark, deeply furrowed and split in large plates : leaves on stout branchlets in the axils of 
strongly fringed somewhat persistent bracts, 5 to 9 or even 11 inches long; the thin sheaths at first 9 or 10 (later 3) 
lines long : male flowers cylindric, flexuous, 1} to 2 inches long, crowded into a short head ; involucre of 10 or 12 bracts ; 
anthers with a large semicircular scarcely dentate crest : cones oval, 3 or 4 (rarely 5) inches long, 1} to 2 inches thick, 
of a rich brown belo. sessile or subsessile, spreading or slightly recurved, often 3 to 5 together ; umbo high, with 
a stout straight or incurved prickle : seeds dark brown, 4 lines long ; wing 10 to 12 lines — widest above the [126] 
middle : cotyledons 6 to 9. — Loud. Arbor. iv. 2243 ; Newberry, 1. ¢. 36, t. 4 ; Parlat. 1. c. 395 ; Engelm. Wheeler's 
P. Benthamiana, Hartw. Journ. Hort. Soe, ii. 189. P. Banitilag and cane Murr. Edinb. New 
Phil. Journ. i. 286. 
Var. Jerrreyi. A tree 100 to 200 feet high, with a more rounded top, more finely cleft and darker bark, and 
paler leaves 4 to 9 inches long; male flowers 1} inches long: cones larger, 5 to 12 inches long, lighter brown, on short 
