872 REVISION OF THE GENUS PINUS. 
23. P. Canariensis, Ch. Smith, is perhaps more nearly related to P. Laricio than to ponderosa, The articulation 
of the 4 involucral bracts is a curious feature which it has in common with our P. resinosa (see p. 168). 
24, P. Chihuahuana, Engelm., first described from the mountains of Chihuahua, but now repeatedly found in 
Arizona, is well distinguished from all its relatives by its deciduous sheaths. 
25. P. Laricio, Poir. Strengthening cells around ducts and in bundles all around leaf; the typical form has 
slender leaves and is tender in cultivation. Var. Monspeliensis or Pyrenaica (not to be confounded with No. 15, as the 
author of that species himself and many later botanists have done) has slender leaves with scarcely any strengthening 
cells around the leaf, and is more hardy than the species. Var. Austriaca or nigra is perfectly hardy; it has the 
stoutest leaves of all the forms, with abundant strengthening cells. A specimen in Herb, Kew., Birmah, Griffith 4993, 
may belong here, thus extending the range of the species far into Asia. 
26. P. Thunbergii, Parlat. This is P. Massoniana, Sieb, & Zucc., and of many authors and many gardens, [182] 
but is easily distinguished by its stouter, shorter leaves with parenchymatous ducts. It seems peculiar to Japan, 
though cultivated in Australia, whence P. Australasiaca, Steud., an original specimen of which I have been able to 
examine in Herb. Cosson. Its parenchymatous ducts distinguish 1 this species at once from any other Japanese pine, 
and place it near P. Laricio. 
27. P. contorta, Dougl., is a little out of place here and evidently belongs nearer to the next group, but it has the 
subterminal cones of this. ike its American allies it is destitute of strengthening cells about the ducts, which char- 
acter distinguishes it at once from its Old World associates, and so do the subulate points of the female scales. The 
low-growing narrow-leaved coast form, which is found along the Pacific from Northern California to Alaska, is the 
esate P. contorta, Douglas (from the mouth of the Galatia River), and P. Bolanderi, Parlat. (from Mendocino, 
California) ; it is a regular seaside tree, an excellent screen against the Pacific storms and their salt spray, just as 
alepensis is on the Mediterranean ; its leaves are often entirely destitute of ducts. The broader-leaved uate 
form is P. Murrayana, Murr., as Jeffrey’s original specimens prove, which come from the sierras; P. muricata, with 
which Parlatore unites it, is very different and belongs to the coast region ; this broad-leaved form extends to Oregon 
and to the Rocky Mountains. While the forms of the coast and of the Rocky Mountains have very knobby, oblique, 
serotinous, and persistent cones (see p. 172), those of the sierras have occasionally more regular, less tuberculated, 
readily opening, and deciduous cones, ‘ectthout being otherwise distinguishable (C. S. ila t). The wood of this 
sour is white and soft, and the tree is therefore often called white pine or spruce-pin 
8. P. Sabiniana, Dougl., and P. Coultert, Don (macrocarpa, Lind1.), cannot be rere by those that have 
been ou to compare both growing ; both have very large cones with spurred apophyses and large edible seeds, but the 
cones of Sabiniana are shorter, thicker, dark mahogany-brown ; the seeds larger, 9-12 lines long, almost cylindrical, 
with much shorter wings ; those of P. Coultert are more slender, of a paler leather color, the seeds shorter, 6-8 lines 
long, and their wings longer. P. Sabiniana makes a round-topped tree with spreading branches and looser, more 
slender, and lighter foliage on glaucous branchlets ; P. Coulteri is a more conical tree with rigid brown-green branches 
and denser, coarser, and darker foliage. The seeds of P. Sabiniana are or have been a most important article of 
subsistence for the Indians. 
29. P. insignis, Dougl., distinguished by its fresh green foliage and closely and strongly serrulate leaves. Cones 
ae thick and very shliaws, with the scales of the outer side large and thick, and on the inner side smaller and 
flat ; some cones are more regular, all the scales nearly equally flat. For the synonymy I refer to Flor. Calif. 
2, 127, repeating here only that the original P. twberculata, Don, is founded on an unusually slender cone of this, [183] 
and that P. Sinclairii, Hook. & Arnott, is a factitious species compounded of a cone of this and a branch of P. 
Montezwme. The old and evidently beeccacsiae described P. Californiana, Lois., is probably our species, but cannot 
now be identified. 
30. P. tuberculata, Gordon, Pinet. ed. 1, 211, not Don, a name at first erroneously given to a species sent by 
Jeffrey, is to be retained as now in general use, and because Don’s original tuberculata is a mere form of insignis. : 
Californica, Hartw.,is the same. It is the smallest pine known as a tree, fruiting often when only 2 to 3 feet high, and 
rarely ever helen 15 or 18 feet. (See Engelm. in Flor. Calif. 2, 128.) 
31. P. Treda, Linn., and P. rigida, Mill., have sometimes, besides the regular parenchymatous, smaller, accessory 
internal ducts, thus micecacking the Asani group. The cones are of a pale brown color, mostly very spinous, and 
very rarely serotinous. It is confined to the wet or sandy lower districts along the coast from Delaware to Eastern 
exas. The most inland localities may be the Stone Mountain near Atlanta, Georgia, and Camden in Arkansas. 
32. P. rigida, var. serotina, P. serotina, Michx., I cannot distinguish specifically from rigida ; it is more apt to 
grow on wet places (whence the name Pond-pine) and has longer leaves (occasionally, on strong shoots, in fours), 
and the cones often do remain closed for several years, as is alse sometimes found in the northern P. rigida, The 
typical subglobose form of the cones which Michaux figures in his Sylva is quite peculiar, but only found in the coast 
PP Biles 2s 
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