46 BOTANY OF DR. A. WISLIZENUS’S EXPEDITION 
Centaurea americana, Sapindus marginata, and a Bolivaria, probably identical with a new Texan 
species, brought to mind the flora of Arkansas and Texas, while the gigantic Echinocactus 
Wislizeni,4 reminds us again that we are approaching the Mexican plateau. This enor- [97 (18) ] 
mous cactus attained generally a height of 1} to 2 feet; specimens 3 feet high were rare, 
but one specimen was found which measured 4 feet in height, and near 7 feet in circumference; its 
top was covered with buds, flowers, and fruits, in all stages of development. In size it ranges next 
to Echinocactus ingens, Zucc., specimens of which 5 to 6 feet high were collected near Zimapan, in 
Mexico. Another Mexican cactus, ZL. platyceras, Lem., is said to grow 6, and even 10 feet high, and 
proportionately thick. #. Wislizeni is therefore the third in size in this genus. 
From the same neighborhood a beautiful Mamillaria was sent in dried, as well as living speci- 
mens. It appears to be one of the few Mamillaria longimamme, though it differs in having purple, 
not yellow flowers, and stiffer spines. By the name I have given it, M. macromeris,® I intended to 
indicate the unusually large size of different parts of the plant, the tubercles, the spines, and the 
flowers. 
apice emarginata, a latere plano-compressa, Semina in Joculis solitaria, compressa, immarginata, horizontalia. Cotyle- 
dones plane radicule descendenti septum spectanti accumbentes. 
_ Annual (all?) plants of California and New Mexico, with stellate pubescence, repando-dentate leaves, yellow(‘) 
or white flowers in simple terminal racemes. 
DirHyREA WISLIZENI, n. sp.: erecta incano-pubescens ramosa, foliis breviter petiolatis repando-dentatis, racemo 
umbelliformi, demum laxo elongato; pedicellis eglandulosis, horizontalibus flore longioribus, sepalis calycis aperti 
patulis ; petalis (albis) obovatis, unguiculatis basi dilatata sub-cordatis; stigmate cordato conico; siliculis basi profun- 
dius emarginatis. 
Common in sandy soil near Valverde and Fray Cristobal, north of the Jornada del Muerto; flowers in July. 
Plant about 1 foot high, annual or biennial; leaves ovate lanceolate, attenuate in the short petioles, closely resembling 
those of some species of Gaura; pedicels filiform, longer than the flower or fruit ; flowers white, about 3 lines in 
diameter, open; petals obovate, with a long and distinct claw, which is widened at base ; filaments also thickened at 
base ; ovary tomentose ; style hardly visible, more distinct in the fruit, which is 5 to 6 lines in transverse diameter, and 
about half as much from base to top; the valves appear to be closed at their attachment to the subulate soli 
dissepiment. 
Diruyrea Catirornica, Harv.: pedicellis basi bi-glandulosis horizontalibus, flore multo brevioribus; sepalis 
ealcycis cylindrici clausi erectis; petalis (aureis?) lineari-spathulatis; stigmate bilobo; siliculis apice profundius 
ee 
Easily distinguished by the characters just enumerated from the New Mexican plant; though the difference in 
calyx and stigma will not permit a generic separation. ; 
_ 4 Ecurnocacrus WISLIZENI, n. sp.: giganteus, vertice villoso-tomentoso; costis . . . acutis crenatis ; areolis 
oblongis, approximatis, junioribus fulvo-tomentosis; aculeis radialibus flavis, demum cinereis, porrectis ; lateralibus 
sub-15 setaceis elongatis leviusculis, sammis infimisque 5~6 brevioribus robustioribus, annulatis ; centralibus rubellis 
annulatis, 3 rectis sursum versis, 1 inferiore robustissimo, supra plano, apice reflexo-hamato, floribus sub verticalibus, 
ovario et tubo brevi campanulato sepalis imbricatis, auriculato-cordatis 60-80 stipato ; sepalis interioribus 25-30 ovatis 
obtusis; petalis lanceolatis mucronatis, crenulatis ; stylo supra stamina numerosissima brevia longe exserto ; stigmatibus 
filiformibus 18-20 erectis; bacca ovata, lignosa, imbricato-squamosa. 
Near Dojiana, collected in August with buds, open flowers, young and ripe fruits on the same specimen. It 
belongs therefore to those Echinocacti which flower through the whole season, like EZ. setispinus, Engelm., (in Plant. 
Lindh.) of Texas, while others are in flower only during a week or two in spring, e. g. Z. Texensis, Hpfr. In the latter, 
the young bunches of spines, together with the flower buds in their axils, come out at once in spring, and none more 
are formed during the season, while in the first they are gradually developed during the whole season. Plant 1} to 
4 feet high ; oval, with a smaller diameter. Areol 6 to 9 lines long, only 6 lines distant from one another ; radial 
spines 1} to 2 inches long; straight central ones 14 to 1}, and large hooked ones 2 to 2} inches long; yellow flowers 
2 to 24 inches in length, campanulate ; fruit 14 to 14 inch long, topped with the remnants of the flower of the same 
ie 30% seeds black, rough, obliquely oval, with considerable albumen, in which the curved cotyledons are partly 
16 MAMILLARIA MACROMERIS, n. sp.: simplex, ovata, tuberculis laxis, e basi latiore elongatis cylindricis, incurvis, 
sulcatis ; areolis junioribus albo-tomentosis; aculeis angulatis rectis, elongatis, omnibus porrectis; radialibus sub-12 
ROVE FS cl eee atin i aE 
