MONOGRAPHY OF THE NORTH AMERICAN CUSCUTINE. 61 
The first or central flowers of the inflorescence are mostly 5-parted, but the lateral or secondary ones 
are in some species regularly 4-parted, in others nearly always 5-parted. The calyx is constantly monosepalous, [336] 
deeply and somewhat irregularly 4- to 5-parted, and persistent. 
The corolla is cylindric, urceolate, or campanulate, with the limb erect, spreading or reflexed, and together with 
the stamina either persistent at the base of the capsule, or more frequently separated from its insertion and covering 
its summit. Its texture is in some species nearly membranaceous, in others thicker and more fleshy. 
The stamina are united with the tube of the corolla up to the base of the segments. Near their base, within 
the tube of the corolla, they bear a scale, which is evidently not a distinct organ, but only an appendage of the 
stamina. They are present in all the species which I have examined; sometimes consisting only of one or few 
teeth on both sides of the filament (as in C. Coryli), but commonly forming a distinct lamina. In some they 
are bifid, in others undivided ; but in all either crenulate or fimbriate, or laciniately or pinnatifidly divided. They 
are erect and appressed to the tube in several species ; while in others they are convergent, closing the tube and 
including the ovary. 
The ovary is always 2-celled, 4-ovulate ; the styles two (in a single species united into one), frequently unequal 
in length ; in a few cases supported by a stylopodium. The stigma is either filiform, as in the European, or capitate, 
as in the American species. 
The capsule is globose or depressed, crowned by the persistent styles and stylopodium (when the latter is present) ; 
it is 2-celled, and sometimes 4-seeded ; but more generally by abortion, 3-, 2-, and even I-seeded. In the European 
species, it separates by circumscission from its base, leaving the dissepiment persistent on the calyx. In the American, 
the capsule does not appear to open regularly, but it separates easily from the calyx when ripe. 
I have seen very few abnormal irregularities in the flowers of Cuscuta. Sometimes one or more segments of the 
corolla are partially or entirely changed into a stamen, and the capsule is occasionally 3-4-carpellary, instead of 
2-carpellary, 
1, CuscuTa CEPHALANTHI, n. sp.: stem high, branching ; flowers somewhat pedunculate, mostly 5-parted ; tube 
of the corolla cylindric (after flowering ventricose), twice the length of the obtuse spreading segments, and of 
the ovate obtuse lobes of the calyx ; stamens shorter than the limb ; the scales ovate, laciniate, nearly appressed ; [337] 
styles equal to the depressed ovary ; capsule depressed, covered by the remains of the corolla. 
On Cephalanthus; also on Vernonia, Aster, Baechmeria, and other plants (especially Composite), on the margin 
of ponds and swamps near St. Louis, where it is the most common species. I have observed it since 1833; but have 
only met with it in the immediate vicinity of Cephalanthus, July to September. 
The whole plant is whitish or pale yellow; the stem high and much branched; the flowers sometimes clustered 
and nearly sessile, but generally more or less pedunculate, and disposed in compact or rather loose cymes, The divi- 
sions of the calyx are very unequal, ovate, or roundish, obtuse, rarely with a little point, covering only the lower half 
of the tube. The tube itself is perfectly cylindrical in the young flower; but afterwards swells by the enlargement of 
the ovary, and becomes somewhat urceolate. The lobes of the corolla are ovate, obtuse, somewhat auricled at the 
base, and campanulate or spreading, half as long as the tube, but longer than the stamina. The corolla is membrana- 
ceous, not fleshy. The flowers are mostly 5-parted; but the latest ones of the season are often 4-parted, or even 
3-parted. The ripe capsule separates easily from the calyx, apparently without bursting. 
2. Cuscuta CoryLt, n.sp.: stem branching; flowers peduncled, subumbellate, mostly 4-parted ; tube of the 
corolla cylindric, equal in length to the ovate acutish crenulate inflexed lobes, and the acute carinate segments of 
the calyx; stamens a little shorter than the limb; the scales appressed, bifid, consisting of few teeth; styles as long as 
the ovary with the stylopodium; capsule depressed, covered with the remains of the corolla, crowned by the stylopo- 
dium and the reflexed styles. Var. 8. stYLosa: styles much longer than the ovary, exserted. ae 
nt On Corylus, in the barrens west of St. Louis, in August and September. 8. On Solidago, in dry prairies near 
- Louis. 
This species is nearly related to the foregoing, but may be easily distinguished by the shape and propor- 
tions of the calyx and corolla, and by the stylopodinm on the ovary. The corolla is fleshy, not membranaceous, [338] 
and finely crenulate; the lobes always erect and somewhat incurved. The scales of the filaments are smaller 
than in any other of our Cuscutex, and consist of one or two teeth on each side of the filament (where it adheres to 
the tube), thereby indicating the true nature of these singular “nectaria.” It appears to be rarer than the other 
Species, and grows more on dry ground. 
3. Cuscura VULGrIvAGA, n. sp.: stem branched; flowers pedunculate, somewhat glomerate or more lax, generally 
5-parted; tube of the corolla deeply campanulate, longer than the pellucid-punctate open (finally reflexed) lobes, and 
the roundish, carinate, obtuse and slightly crenulate segments of the calyx; scales convergent, fimbriate, united at the 
base; styles about as long as the ovary (with the stylopodium) ; the remains of the corolla persistent at the base of 
