76 SYSTEMATIC ARRANGEMENT OF THE SPECIES 
The following sections are proposed : — 
A. Cuscuta Group. 
1 cuscuTA. Styles nearly as long or longer and as thick or thicker than the filiform stigmata; capsule regularly circumscissile. 
2 Episticma. Subulate stigmata nearly sessile ; capsule opening transversely without a gaia jointed separation. 
3. CListococca, Subulate styles longer than the short subulate stigmata; capsule bace 
4, Pacuystiema, Cylindric or oblong stigmata thicker than the filiform styles; laedie cceidiier transversely. 
B. Grammica Group. 
5. Evcrammica. Stigmata capitate; capsule more or alee irregularly circumscissile. 
6. CLisrocRAMMicA, Stigmata capitate; capsule b 
Losostiema. Top of clavate styles lobed at the si eticuialicn surface. 
C. Monogyna Group. 
8. MOoNnoGYNELLA. Stigmata capitate or ovate, united or distinct. 
. CALLIANCHE. Stigmata conic, or almost subulate ; corolla large and deciduous. 
Sect.1. EUCUSCUTA. 
Styles filiform, terminating in filiform stigmata of the same length or shorter, rarely longer, and of the same 
thickness as the styles, or thinner towards the end. Capsule regularly circumscissile by a joint, the line of separation 
being thickened. Usually all four seeds ripen; they are triangular, with an obliquely truncate base, the hilum 
ine. 
e flowers are mostly sessile si densely eo pes forming cane heads in the axils of — [461 (11)] 
bracts icone bracts in the inflorescence e central flowers open first ; the exterior ones are occasi 
ally abortive. C. Epithymum has pees short iia and C. Bah ylonica is always pedicelled. The corolla 
always remains on top or around the capsule, never at its base. Epistamineal scales are always present, though 
sometimes very thin and small, and easily overlooked. 
The species of this group inhabit Europe, western and central — and northern Africa to the Canary Islands. 
§ 1. Styles longer than ovar 
1. C. Basytontca, Aucher! mss.; Choisy! Cusc. 174, t. 1, f. 1; DC. Prod. IX. 453. C. peduncularis, Kotschy! 
in sched. — Well characterized by its pedicelled flowers, truncate calyx and almost entire scales; approaching by its 
inflorescence to those other Asiatic species comprised in the section Epistigma. — Bagdad, Aucher-Eloy! 1420 and 
3183; on ig Tigris, Noé! in Kurdistan, Kotschy! 388, a 
LEGANS. C. elegans, Boiss. & Balansa! Dike: Or. II. 3, 129, from the alpine regions of the Taurus, 
Balansa! abe scarcely distinct from (. Babylonica except by the ec ties prettily rose-colored flowers, and by the 
scales being a little more dentate and somewhat incurved. 
2. C. Eprraymum, Murray in L. Syst. ed. 13. ©. Europea, B, L. Sp. 180. C. minor, Bauh. Pin. 219; DC. FI. 
fr. III. 644; DC. Prod. IX. 453. C. filiformis, 8, Lam. F1. fr. 11. 307. — To this well known and common European 
species some authors have assigned all the different forms I am going to enumerate below, while others have separated 
several of them as distinct species; others, again, have united with it a number of other forms which I must consider 
mada especially such as I class with C. planiflora ; some have even mixed up with it the very distinct C. Huropea. 
is certainly difficult to make precise the limits of C. Epithymum and C. planiflora, and some forms which I 
class ae var. Kotschyi of the former, and others which fall under var. approximata of the latter, apparently are more 
closely allied than the extremes of either species among themselves; while the common C. Epithymum, especially the 
form known as @. Trifolit, is as distinct as can be from Tenore’s original C. planiflora. I arrange the different forms in 
the following order ; — 
Var. a. vuLGaRIs, the common form of central Europe extending west to Great Britain, north to 
Scandinavia, south to northern Spain (Bourgeau! 655), northern Italy (C. acutiflora, Rota!), and also [462 (12)] 
Naples, to the Crimea, and scatee | coxa far into Asia (Caucasus, Hohenacker! 409 and 1939, Altai, 
ebour! “Orient” Herb. Tournef ort!). It varies considerably, especially in the size and proportion of the calyx and 
its lobes, and transition forms, uniting it with the other varieties, are not rare. have paid some attention to the 
proportion of the stigma and style, but find no permanent character in them; the style proper is longer or shorter than 
the stigmatic portion; and this part is cylindrical or subulate in sitet not otherwise distinguishable; the stigma 
is usually pale brown-red, or, when dry, dark red, rarely yellowish. — C. Trifolii, Babington! sometimes so fatal to 
whole clover fields in England, France, no Germany, and Sweden, is a luxuriant form, overgrown at the 
expense of the succulent herb, which it destro 
Var. 8B. MACRANTHERA. C. ney Helar. & Sart.! in sched.; Boiss.! Diag. Or. IT. 3,126, C. Calliopes, 
Heldr. & Sart.!; Boiss,! ibid, 128. — Large flowers on very short pedicels; "eilyie short, its ovate lobes scarcely covering 
half of the tube of the corolla; laciniz ovate, acute or obtusish; anthers oval, large, often longer than the filaments; 
