CACTEH OF PLANTA LINDHEIMERIANZ. 117 
Part II. From Boston JouRNAL oF NATuRAL History, Vou. VI. 1850. 
Mr. Lindheimer has again sent many living specimens of Cactacee from New Braunfels, San 
Antonio, the Pierdenales, and the Liano. Among them I not only recognized all the species 
described in Plant. Lindh. (Boston Journal, Vol. V.), but found also a number of new forms. From 
other sources I have obtained other species from the lower Rio Grande. All these will be enume- 
rated here in order to complete, as far as possible, the catalogue of the Texan Cactacee. A corre- 
spondence with Prince Salm Dyck,— than whom none is better acquainted with these curious 
plants, —and his examination of living specimens of most of the species, enables me to give this 
revision an authenticity not otherwise attainable. 
MAMILLARIA. 
§ 1. FRucru vVIRIDI, OVALI; COROLLA PERSISTENTE ; TESTA SEMINUM PERGAMENTACEA FUSCA; FLORIBUS EX 
AXILLIS TUBERCULORUM HORNOTINORUM 
M. catcarata. WM. sulcata, Engelm. Pl. Lindh. 1. ¢., non Pfeiffer. Near M. scolymoides, Schdw., but 
sufficiently distinct, according to Prince Salm. — Rocky and hard, clayey soil, on the Upper Guutalonpe: ad [196] 
specimens from there are mostly densely czespitose ; tubercles in thirteen oblique rows; proliferous groov 
ducing the buds always near its upper end. Flowers 2 inches long and 2 to 2$ inphen i in diameter ; tte, 8 ae rather 
outer firmer perigonial leaves) 20-35 ; sepals (inner more delicate petaloid aratuid leaves) 30-35; yellow (dirty 
yellow only when fading), reddish at the base. 
M. compacta, Engelm. in Wisliz. Rep. note 32, from the mountains of Chihuahua, is mentioned here only in 
order to add to the description of the plant that of the flower, which I have had occasion to examine in the living 
state. — Floribus in vertice dense lanato centralibus; sepalis (17-19) lanceolatis acutis integris (rufescentibus, inte- 
rioribus margine flavis) ; petalis (28) oblongo-lane solatin mucronatis versus apicem denticulatis (sulphureis) ; fain 
matibus 7-8 cuspidatis flavicantibus supra stamina portion: oe xsertis. — Flowers at the end of Jun 
— of July (in St. Louis). Flower-bud dark reddish-brown ; flower about 15 lines long aa of ne same 
diameter. Petals 6 lines long and 1? lines wide. fees 2 lines ae cuspidate, as in WM, vivipara, while all other 
species known to me have Shins stigmata. 
M. RApDIOSA, n. sp.: simplex s. parce prolifera, ovata seu cylindrica ; tuberculis teretibus supra plus minus 
suleatis apice ex tomento albo aculeatis; aculeis rectis numerosis valde inzequalibus, plurimis (20-30) radiantibus 
tenuioribus albicis, Sikes 4—5 robustioribus fuscis s, rarius flavis, 3-4 sursum directis, singulo deflexo; axillis 
nudis, suleo cabennonlio’ ; floribus (violaceis) ex axillis tuberculorum hornotinorum ortis sparsis (nee centralibus) ; 
sepalis petalisque lineari-lanceolatis acuminatis aristatis ; _Sepalis (40-50) arachnoideo-fimbriatis, exterioribus breviori- 
s adpressis, interioribus longioribus recurvatis ; petalis (30-40) integris s. basi subciliatis patentibus ; a 
(violaceis) numerosissimis equalibus ; stylo longe ae stigmatibus 7-9 (violaceis) erectis obtusis ; 
oblonga viridi floris rudimento coronata; seminibus fulvis ovatis scrobiculato-punctatis.— Sterile, sandy coil on [197] 
the Pierdenales ; flowers (in St. Louis) about the middle of June. The flowers open for three days, in direc 
ni only, nt later than most other Cactacee,— namely, from twelve or one till three or four o Aven) Stems Be 
inches high, about 2 inches in diameter, dark green; tubercles in 13 oblique rows; ? radian 
spines from 4-6 lines long; flowers 14-9} inches long, and about the same Sianseet when satis a pale of a ‘ihier 
violet color or of a splendid dark purple; stigmas deep oF pur ple. — Very near M. vivipara, Haw., which has been 
found from the Upper Missouri to Santa Fé. This, however, is distinguished by its low, mostly ceespitose eats, 
by the smaller number of radiant spines (14-18), thé sit of the deflexed central spine, the smaller central flowers, 
the apiculate stigmata and smaller seeds ; it also flowers earlier (in St. Louis about the middle of May), but, like 
M. radiosa, opens the flowers only after twelve o’clock. In M. vivipara the youngest tubercles produce in their axils 
the flowers which appear central, and remain so till after fructification, whereupon new tubercles are developed in the 
centre, and the young fruit is pushed aside and becomes more and more lateral. In M. radiosa the flower-buds are 
_also formed in the axils of the first young tubercles of the season, but are immediately pushed aside by a continuous 
growth of more tubercles ; the buds, as well as the flowers and fruits, are therefore lateral. M. vivipara has not yet 
been found in Texas, though it may be expected in the mountainous regions bordering New Mexico. 
2 It will hardly be necessary to mention that there are of the tubercles. It is well known that in different speci- 
several different sets of rows of tubercles observable; but one |- mens of the same species they turn to either side, right or 
set is usually more distinct than the others. They na ata left. 
on the size of the plant, and the number, size, and close 
