CACTACEA OF WHIPPLE’S EXPEDITION. 155 
E. WHIPPLEI, sp. nov.: globoso-ovatus, costis 13-15 (sepe obliquis) interruptis tuberculatis, areolis 
orbiculatus approximatis; aculeis radialibus compressis albidis, infra brevioribus, supra deficientibus ; aculeis cen- 
tralibus 4 radiales superantibus, summo complanato recto albido, ceteris pleramque longiore compresso-quadrangulatis 
fusco-atris demum cinereo-rubellis, 2 lateralibus rectis sursum divergentibus, inferiore robustiore deorsum hamato ; 
flore? bacca? seminibus oblique obovatis opacis minutim verrucoso-tuberculatis. (Plate I. 
This species was discovered on Lithodendron Creek, near the Colorado Chiquito, about ninety miles west of 
Zuii, in sandy plains, Dec. 3-4, 1853. At first only dead specimens were found ; afterwards young living ones were 
collected. It was not seen after leaving the valley of the Little Colorado. We have named this very pretty species 
in honor of Captain A. W. Whipple, the zealous and talented commander of this expedition. 
Our plant is from 3 to 5 inches high, and 2 to 3 or 4 in diameter. The outer spines are straight or slightly 
recurved, 6-9 lines long; the lower ones shorter than the others. The two lowest lateral spines are darker, and 
almost form a cross with the two upper dark central spines; the five other radial spines are white. The upper central 
spine is the longest and broadest of all, being 12-18 lines long, and $ to 1} line broad at base, and mostly straight, and 
directed upwards almost contiguous with the radial spines, the circle of which it seems to complete. The three other 
central spines are a little shorter, 12-15 lines long, nearly equal among themselves, quadrangular compressed, often 
somewhat curved, dark brown or black when young, with lighter tips; afterwards reddish, and finally of an ashy 
color. The lowest one has a sharp recurved hook, which is whitish on the convex side of the curvature. 
Among the débris of the dead specimens preserved, a number of seeds were found which no doubt belong to this 
species. They are large, 1.6-1.7 lines long and 1.2 lines in diameter, very little compressed at the upper part, 
narrowed down to an acute point below the large orbicular hilum, and sharply carinate on the lower part of the back 
(opposite the hilum). 
E. Whipplei evidently belongs to the section Hamati, found in numerous forms on the middle and lower Rio 
Grande. With E. polyancistrus it is, so far as at present known, the only representative of this section west of 
the Rocky Mountains. It is more nearly allied to E. brevihamatus Engelm. from Eagle Pass, the seeds of [29] 
which are as yet unknown. It is, however, easily distinguished by the arrangement of the spines : the eastern 
species has 11 terete radial spines all around, and 4 central ones, the uppermost one being smaller and narrower than 
the lower hooked one. 
2, E. POLYANCISTRUS, sp. nov.: ovatus s. demum subcylindricus, costis 13-17 obtusis tuberculatis interruptis ; 
areolis orbiculatis s. cum areola florifera contigua minore ovatis, junioribus fulvo-tomentosis ; aculeis radialibus sub-19 
compressis albis, summo deficiente, superioribus latioribus longioribus apice adustis, lateralibus brevioribus, inferiori- 
bus brevissimis subsetaceis ; aculeis centralibus 2-3-formibus, summo singulo (rarius binis) compresso-qu rangulato 
elongato albo apice adusto sursum curvato, reliquis 5-10 teretiusculis s. subangulatis urpureo-fuscis, 2 superioribus 
plerumque rectis (rarius uncinatis) ceteris omnibus arcete uncinatis ; floribus in axillis summis solitariis ; sepa 
sub-25 orbiculato-ovatis abrupte acuminatis mucronatis ciliatis, petalis acuminatis aristatis, stigmatibus 9-10. 
(Plate I. figs. 1-2.) eee 
n gravelly hills and sandy plains at the headwaters of the Mojave, on the eastern slope of the California 
Cordilleras, one day’s journey before reaching the Cajon Pass. This elegant and striking species was collected 
March 15, 1854, with young flower-buds. The plant is 4-10 inches high and 3-4 in diameter ; areolz 4 lines in 
diameter and (from centre to centre) 7-9 lines distant from one another, the younger ones covered with a reddish- 
yellow wool. The 4 upper radial spines 1-2, lateral ones 3-1, and lowest } inehes long. The upper central spine is 
3-5 inches long and $-3 line wide; sometimes a second similar but smaller one is seen above or beside it. All the 
other central spines are bright purple-brown; the upper ones longer (2-3 or even 34 inches long), the others gradually 
shorten, the lowest not more than 1}-1} inches long. The two uppermost brown spines are often straight, but 
sometimes, like all the lower ones, sharply hooked, the hooks being turned in different directions ; the convexity of 
the hook is of a paler color. In the young or smallest specimens we find only 5 brown spines, all hooked, one in the 
centre of the others ; in others 5 to 7 or 8 brown hooked spines are counted, one central to the others, or all in a semi- 
circle, the upper part of the central circle always closed by the broad white spine. ee 
The flower buds were just forming in the axils of the half-grown spines. Those glandular organs which divide 
the floriferous from the spiniferous areole in E. setispinus, and other species, seem to be very partially only and 
incompletely developed in this species. 
3. E. LeConrer, Engelm. in Bound. Com. Rep.: ingens, ovatus 8. ovato-cylindricus, costis 20-30 compressis 
sub-obtusis interruptis, areolis elongato-oblongis approximatis ; aculeis radialibus inferioribus superioribusque 
robustioribus 8-10 angulatis subannulatis plus minusve recurvatis, aculeis extimis lateralibus summisque 10-15 
tenuioribus setaceis flexuosis; aculeis centralibus 4 compressis carinatis annulatis 3 superioribus sursum inferiore 
deorsum curvatis; floribus plurimis subcentralibus, ovario squamis 30-40 reniformibus tecto, sepalis tubi oblongis 
20-30, petalis 25-30 angustis sulphureis ; stylo ad medium in stigmata sub-14 linearia subacuta diviso; bacca glo 
