170 CACTACEAZ OF WHIPPLE’S EXPEDITION. 
rigidis radiantibus ; bacea ovato basi clavata pulvillis sub-40 setosissimis stipata ; seminibus regularibus latius 
commissuratis. (Plate XXII. figs. 4-7.) 
n the gravelly plains thirty miles west of the Colorado, near the Mojave River ; southward to the eastern slope 
of the California mountains, near San Felipe, Dr. Parry. Joints 24 4-3 or 4 inches long, 1} inch in diameter, attenuated 
not only below but also somewhat above in the specimen Ae ity us. Tubercles pea 9 lines long ; pulvilli s Peon 
bristles few, coarse and long. Spines very numerous, in three series: the 4 inner ones 12-16 oe long, 3-3 li 
broad, the lower one somewhat flattened, the others triangular ; the next series consists usually of 2-3 upper ones and 
3-5 lower ones, angular, more slender and shorter than the first, 4-8 lines long; the third or external circle 
consists of 6-10 bristly slender spines, 3—4 lines long, some above, but most of them lateral or inferior. Young [49] 
spines reddish-gray, with paler margins ; older ones ashy. Fruit 14 inch long. Seed rather regular, 2-2} lines 
in the transverse diameter, less than 2 lines high, not beaked; commissure broader and more distinct than in any other 
of this section examined by us. Cotyledons in all the seeds examined oblique 
This description refers to the plant brought by the expedition from the Mojave River. Several years before, 
Dr. Parry had described a plant discovered by him “on the hills and plains about San Felipe, on the eastern slope of 
the California mountains,’ which had been named after the discoverer. We presume that both plants were identical ; 
but have to remark that Dr. Parry’s plant is much larger, having jomts of 4-8 inches in length, with tubercles 
6-12 lines long ; spines whitish, half an inch long. He describes the flowers as 14 inch in diameter, greenish-yellow, 
with green stigmata. Fruit not mentioned. Further investigation will be necessary to clear up those doubts 
‘rom O. clavata (which grows 8 or 9 degrees east, and on much greater elevation) the Mojave spedis is 
distinguished by the shape of the joints, the color, much narrower more numerous spines, and the smaller more 
regular seeds, with the broad commissure. 
§ 2. Cylindrice. 
19. Opuntia Davistt, sp. nov.: caule dense lignoso ramosissimo divaricato adscendente, articulis junioribus 
erectis elongatis, basi attenuatis ; tuberculis oblongo-linearibus prominulis, setis stramineis tenerrimis ; aculeis inte- 
rioribus 4-7 subtriangularibus rufis apice plldiorbs vagina straminea laxa fulgida indusiatis divergentibus s. 
deflexis, aculeis gracilioribus inferioribus bacea ovata pulvillis sub-25 setas stramineas aculeolosque paucos 
gerentibus ; umbilico lato. (Plate XVI. figs. a 
Common on the upper Canadian, eastward and westward of Tucumeari hills, near the Llafio Estacado. 
A very much branched, shrubby, somewhat procumbent plant, with erect joints, about 18 inches high ; wood 
dense and hard. Joints 4-6 inches in length and 3 an inch or more in thickness; tubercles not very prominent, 
7-8 lines long ; very slender bristles, forming a thick brush at upper end of pulvillus. Interior spines 1-1} inches 
long, covered with a very loose glistening membranaceous sheath, which makes the plant an object of remark for a 
long distance ; lower spines 3-6 lines long. All the fruits seen on the route were sterile, and most of them elongated, 
1-1} inch long; on many pulvilli 1-4 sheathed spines were observed, which possibly are peculiar only to the sterile 
and agi fruits. 
have named this well-marked and pretty species after our enlightened Secretary of War, Colonel Jefferson 
Davis, under ssi auspices the expeditions for the exploration of a proper route for the Pacifie Railroad were organ- 
ized, and were enabled to accomplish so much, not only for this specific object, but also for the elucidation of the 
natural history of this hitherto almost unknown country. 
. ECHINOCA sp. nov.: caule reticulato-lignoso erectiusculo, ramis numerosis patentissimis subinde 
pene decumbentibus, scuails ovatis basi clavatis, tuberculis ovatis prominentibus confertis, setis paucis stramineis ; 
aculeis albidis stramineo s. albido-vaginatis, majoribus sub-4 cruciatis, ceteri, minoribus 8-16 undique radiantibus ; 
floris flavi (?) ovario pulvillis 30-40 villosis subaculeolatisque sarees siren, sepalis sub-13, exterioribus ovatis 
acutis ; interioribus obovatis mucronatis, petalis sub-8 obovatis obtusis s. subemarginatis denticulatis, stigmatibus 6; 
bacca globoso-depressa s. hemispherica, late profundeque umbilicata ulead sub-40 aculeolos vaginatos elongatos 
8-12 gerentibus dense stipata floris, rudimento subpersistente coronata ; seminibus subregularibus s. angulatis, crassis, 
late commissuratis, cotyledonibus parallelis, 
In the Colersds valley, near the mouth of Williams’s River. Mr. Schott found a stouter form farther 
uth. The more northern plant forms a low shrub 6-18 inches high, spreading, and often partially prostrate ; [50] 
the eylindric tubular wood is reticulated with short meshes. eae) 1-2} inches long, less than 1 inch thick ; 
tubercles not more than 4 or 5 lines long ; bristles few and rather coarse. Spines 12-20; the 4 larger ones are some- 
suit central, 9-12 lines long; the others radiating 4~9 lines long ; the smaller ones, as in all these Opuntiz, hardly 
vaginate. Flower described from a withered specimen found diledivdl to a fruit, to which it somewhat adhered, but 
perhaps held more by the long intricate spines than by an organic attachment. Flower 14-1} inches in diameter, 
apparently yellow, which is uncommon among the Cylindric Opuntie; petals about 9 lines long and 3 broad ; 
stigmata about 2 lines long. The fruit is very peculiar, and, with the seed, characterizes this species well. The wide 
