CACTACEH OF THE BOUNDARY. 179 
4. M. PHELLOosPERMA (M. tetrancistra, E. partim in Sillim. Journ. Nov. 1852): ovata seu ovato-cylindiica, 
simplex seu rarius e basi ramosa; tuberculis ovato-cylindricis; axillis lanatis setigeris demum nudis; aculeis radialibus 
numerosissimis (40-60) biseriatis, pri ea tenuioribus brevioribus albis, interioribus ema oN —— 
apice fuscatis, centralibus 3-4 robustioribus longioribus ex basi pallidiore atrofuscis, superioribus 2-3 rectis seu uno 
alterove hamatis, inferiore ae sursum hamato; floribus versus plantz apicem lateralibus ; ar 15-17, 
exterioribus ovatis obtusiusculis ciliatis, interioribus oblongo-linearibus ; petalis sub-12 acuminato-aristatis ; stig- 
matibus 5; bacca obovato-clavata late umbilicata corollam marcescentem dejiciente tenui coccinea vix pulposa 
eer ‘ile globosis rugosis, ad hilum massa suberosa semine ipso majore triloba fusca arilliformi anetin, 
(Tab. VII.) 
Dry gravelly hills about the base of. the mountains east of the Californian Cordilleras, near San Felipe, 
r. Parry; also on the lower Gila, Dr. Le Conte, A. Schott; on the lower Colorado, the Mojave, and east of the 
aut toward the Cactus Pass, Dr. Bigelow. — This interesting Sacer was first noticed by Dr. Parry, and was 
described from his notes in Silliman’s Joustind l. c., under the e of M. tetrancistra. Specimens brought home 
since by several collectors leave no doubt that this and several iat species had been confounded ; and, moreover, 
that hardly ever all the four central spines are hooked. The original name had therefore to be altered; the one 
selected for it indicates the peculiar corky structure of the enlarged base of the se 
Our species is often simple; not rarely several stems are seen coming from one y base, or an older stem bears young 
branches at its lower part. Young stems almost globose ; older ones ovate, and even cylindric, 2 to 4 or 5 inches high, 
1} or 2 inches in diameter. Tubercles 4-7 lines long ; not so much crowded as in the allied species, in 8 or at most 
13 spiral rows. The axils of the young tubercles produce loose wool, with a few long spiny bristles, which disappear 
only after several years. In the smallest specimen before me I find 14-18 exterior radial spines 4-5 lines long, 
and 12-16 interior ones 5-6 lines long; in other specimens I have counted from 50-60 radial spines. The upper [7] 
central spines in my specimens are mostly 5-7 lines long; sometimes I find 1 or 2 of them longer and hooked 
and sometimes all 4 are said to be regularly hooked ; the lower central spine is stouter and longer than the others, 
6-9 lines long, with the sharp hook always turned upwards. Flower apparently about an inch long; fruit clavate or 
ar-shaped, 6-12 lines long and 4-6 lines in diameter, with a thin scarlet-colored integument, torulose from the pro- 
trusion of the large seeds; the withered flower falling off leaves a wide circular umbilicus. Seeds large, visible 
through the thin pericarp, attached to conspicuous white funiculi ; seed proper 0.6 or 0.7 line in diameter, with the 
appendage 1.2—1.5 line long ; the curious spongy or corky appendage is larger than the seed itself, and buries its lower 
as it were, in a bluntly 3-lobed cup. Embryo almost globose, 0.6 line long, 0.5 line in diameter ; cotyledons 
small, but perfectly distinct and visible ; no albumen. 
Apparently near M. ancistroides, Lem., with 30-40 radial and 4-5 central spines; flower and fruit unknown. 
The radial spines are said to be homogeneous and the axils naked. 
5. M. Granami, sp. nov.: globosa seu demum ovata, simplex seu e basi ramosa; tuberculis ovatis basi 
dilatatis ; axillis nudis ; areolis orbiculatis seu ovato-orbiculatis ; aculeis radialibus uniseriatis 15-30 albis sepe apice 
fuscatis nudis seu puberulis, summis brevioribus, lateralibus longioribus ; aculeo centrali singulo robustiore longiore 
sursum hamato, sepe 2 rectis sursum divergentibus adjectis, omnibas e basi pallidiore fusco-atris ; floribus sub vertice 
lateralibus rubicundis ; sepalis sub-13 lineari-oblotets obtusiusculis ciliolatis ; petalis sub-13 Sango: oblongis roseatis, 
exterioribus mucronatis, interioribus obtusis retusisve ; stylo stamina brevia longe superante; stigmatibus 6-8 elongatis 
iformibus suberectis ; bacca ovata (viridi?) floris rudimentis coronata ; shmminitbies oblique obovatis scrobiculatis 
nigris. (Tab. VI. fig. 1-8.) 
Mountainous regions from El Paso, Charles Wright; southward and wedkierd to the Gila, Dr. Parry; and 
Colorado, A. Schott ; and up this latter river as far as Williams’s River and Cactus Pass, Dr. Bigelow. Flowers from 
June or July to August. — Stems 1-3 inches high, 1-2} inches in diameter, simple or somewhat branching from the 
base, and thereby sometimes slightly cespitose. Tubercles 3 lines long, and when old of a corky texture ; persistent 
when dead and dry, like those of M. tuberculosa ; disposed in 13 or 21 spiral rows. Radial spines in some smaller 
specimens 25-30, in larger ones often only 20-25, and in some Sonora specimens only 15-18 in number ; the lateral 
ones are the longest, about 3—4 lines, or in the largest specimens even 5-6 lines long; lower spines shorter, upper ones 
the shortest and most slender. In smaller specimens only 1 central spine is observed, generally much longer than the 
radial spines, 3-9 lines long, with a wide or sometimes a narrower hook, always curved upward ; in many specimens 
one or two upper spines are found, neither so stout nor so long as the lower hooked one, and always straight. Flower 
9-12 lines long, rose-colored. Fruit a small oval berry, about half an inch long, apparently green when ripe. Seeds 
among the smallest in this genus, only 0.4 or rarely 0.5 line long, slightly pitted, with a small and narrow hilum. 
This pretty species has been named for Colonel J. D Graham, of the United States Corps of Topographical 
Engineers, under whose auspices many of these species were collected. 
6. M. WriaHTtt, sp. nov.: globosa seu depresso-globosa, basi obconica, simplex; tuberculis teretibus ; axillis 
