NORTH AMERICAN SPECIES OF JUNCUS. 251 
18. J. TRIGLUMIs, Linn., on the Arctic coast and in the Rocky Mountains ; in Colorado, Parry 395, and Hall 
é& Harbour, 557. — The seeds are of the same size as in the last species, but the appendages are much longer, though 
only in a specimen from Zermatt, Switzerland, I have seen them longer than the body of the seed. The roundish 
leaves are channelled below and flattened upwards, and really enclose two, or even three, tubular passages. 
19. J. styerus, Linn. From northwestern New York to Maine, New Brunswick, and Newfoundland. The 
seeds of this are the largest of any of our species; the body is 0.7-0.8, and the whole seed 1.5 lines long; the seed- 
coat, extremely loose and easily removed, is scarcely striated. Mention has already been made of the short and 
recurved stigmas which are peculiar to this species; the filaments are 8 or 10 times as long as the oval anther, and much 
longer than the pistil; the flowers, in the American specimens examined by me, are 3 lines long, while in one from 
Norway I find them only 2 lines long. A careful examination of the leaves proves them to be somewhat laterally 
compressed, with a very shallow groove on their lower part (generally a little on one side), and the interior cavity 
filled with very loose tissue witch divides it into several (3-5) tubes. 
20. J. castaneus, Smith : the lower part of the terete fistulous leaves is so deeply channelled that their base 
appears equitant, and that in the herbarium the pressed leaves look like the averse and ensiform leaves of J. xiphioides ; 
but their back is rounded and not in the least carinate, and the upper part of the leaf is only very superficially grooved. 
The flowers are usually over 3 lines long, and the stamens, as well as the elongated ovary with the short style, attain the 
length of the sepals; linear, pointed anthers half as long as the filaments; stigmas exsert ; oblong seeds, 0.4-0.5 line, 
or with the appendages, which considerably exceed the seed in length, 1.6 lines or more, long, the longest of any of 
our species. —From the Rocky Mountains of Colorado to the northwest coast, and eastward to the Hudson Bay 
regions and to Newfoundland. 
21. J, VASEYI, n. sp.: ceespitosus; caulibus (1-2-pedalibus) tenuibus rigidis striatis basi fusco-vaginatis ; 
foliis elongatis setaceis teretiusculis striatis versus basin sulcatis farctis; spatha paniculam parvam contractam [449] 
sequante seu raro superante; sepalis equilongis lanceolatis, etevioribus apice subulatis, interioribus latioribus 
mucronatis stamina 6 plus quam duplosuperantibus ; antheris filamenta equantibus; stigmatibus ovarium ovatum cum 
stylo brevi vix equantibus inclusis ; capsula straminea ovata sursum tricocca retusa triloculari sepala equante seu 
paulo on appendicibus semini ipso lineari costato-lineolato paulo brevioribus. 
On nks Fox river, near Ringwood, in Northern Illinois, “a few years ago, in an open wood, now 
plowed over,” Dr. George Vasey, who paid a good deal of attention to this genus and to the botany of his neighborhood 
generally, and for ak this species is named; on the Saskatchawan, Bourgeaw; in the Rocky Mountains, Drummond ; 
and, mixed with J, tenuis, in Colorado, E. Hall. — The wiry stems, 1 or 1} to 2 or 2} feet high, are covered at base 
with brown sheaths, the innermost of which bear very slender terete leaves, shorter than the stem, and channelled 
only near the base, so that our plant is thus most closely allied to those of the first section; its inflorescence, however, 
is decidedly terminal, and connects it with J. tenwis and its relatives. The compact panicle is 3-1 inch long, green, 
or, when fully ripe, of a light brownish straw color; flowers 2 lines long; seeds very slender, body about 0.3, and 
with the appendages, 0.5-0.7 line long. This species is the western representative of J. Greenti, from which it is dis- 
tinguished by the longer stems, the terete, scarcely channelled leaves, the lighter colored flowers, the shorter capsule, 
and by the slender seeds with longer appendages. 
22. J. Greent, Oakes & Tuckerm. Sillim. Journ. 45 (1843), p. 37; Steud. Glum. 2, 305; Gray Man, ed. 2, 
483: cespitosus; caulibus (pedalibus sesquipedalibus) rigidis strictis striatis basi parce stramineo-vaginatis; foliis 
caule brevioribus teretiusculis totis profunde sulcatis; spatha paniculam contractam ad ramos ultimos secundifloram 
plerumque longe superante ; — (stramineo-fuscis) lanceolatis niles subeequalibus seu interioribus pai 
brevioribus cuspidatis stamina 6 duplo superantibus; antheris filamenta zquantibus ; capsula ovato-oblonga retusa 
sepala excedente (pallide fusca) triloculari ; seminibus obovatis costato-lineolatis breviter caudatis. 
On the coast of Massachusetts and Rhode Island (to Long Island?) and on the Saco River at the foot of the 
White Mountains. — Few and pale sheaths at the base of the stem ; leaves deeply channelled all their length; panicle 
contracted, with erect one-sided branches 1-14 inches long; flowers 1.7-1.8 lines in length; seeds 0.25-0.30 line, 
and with the appendages, 0.37-0.40 line long, appendages about half as long as the diameter of the seed. 
23. J. TENUIS, Willd., is one of the most common and best known, but also one of the most variable [450] 
species, and can always be cadale distinguished from all the allied ones by its flat leaves, which only in the 
narrow-leaved forms are on the margin slightly involute ; by the lanceolate, subulate sepals of equal length, which 
somewhat exceed the ovate, retuse pe Bes and principally by the small, mostly oblique, delicately lineolate seeds, 
with distinct but short whitish appendages; they are very similar to those of J. effusus, and are mostly 0.25-0.28, 
rarely only 0.20 line lon 
Notwithstanding the great variability in the size of the plant (from a few inches to two feet), in the size and 
development of the one, two, or even three spathes, and in the size and fulness of the inflorescence (1-5 or 6 inches 
in length), I can distinguish only the following well-marked varieties: — 
