NORTH AMERICAN SPECIES OF JUNCUS. 253 
From the Russian island of Unalaschka, Chamisso, to California, Henke, Eschscholtz, Douglas, Coulter 808, Bo- 
rem and on the Cascade Mountains, 49 deg., Lyall. —A very striking and much controverted plant, as distinct 
fro castaneus as it is from J. ensifolius ‘ied Zé Mertensianus, with all of which different authors have thrown it 
eases the perfectly flat and adverse (7. ¢. the flat surface facing the stem) leaves, the very broad and scabrous 
sepals, and the long anthers on short filaments, distinguish it fully from all these. — Eschscholtz’s specimens in Hb. 
Gray are only 14-3 inches, while those of Lyall are 15 inches high; 6 or 8 inches is their usual size. The leaves are 
of different lengths, shorter than or sometimes exceeding the stem, and are usually laterally bent so that even the 
stipular appendages of the sheath are unequal. Heads mostly single, sometimes two or three, $ inch in diameter, 
composed of from 8 to 18 large (3 lines long) flowers; sepals remarkably broad and rough on the outside, chestnut- 
brown or (in Coulter’s and Lyall’s specimens) green with two lateral brown stripes; this roughness seems to be 
constant in this species, and in no other have I seen it. Meyer (Rel. Henk. 1. ¢.) says of the fruit in Chamisso’s 
Sager trigono-pyriformis, perianthio paulo longior seeleackaa seminum testa laxior albicans sed non scobiformis. 
None of the specimens before me have ripe fruit, only one, from the Cascade Mountains, shows a half- 
danke capsule with young seeds, and these are ie eR tail- pointed and already 0.6 line long; Dr. [453] 
Hooker (Bot. Antarct. Voy. Fl. Tasm. 2, 64) speaks of the seed of this species as “linear-oblong, striate, wit 
the testa produced beyond either end,” and as ib Simantan plant ® has very different seeds, his remark must refer 
to the Californian species 
ker & Arnott, Bot. Beechey, p. 402, distinguish from the original J. Menziesii, oe obtuse sepals, the 
variety Californicus, with acuminate ones. I have found, in all the specimens examined e, the outer sepals 
acuminate and the inner ones obtuse, with or wihaas a mucro; but in some, as stated before, A ies ee ones are much 
rter than, in others as long as, the inner ones. 
29. J. LoNGIsTYLIs, Torrey in Bot. Mex. Bound. p. 223 : caulibus (pedalibus bipedalibus) ceespitosis stoloniferis 
teretiusculis sursum sepius (sub lente) scabriusculis foliatis ; foliis planis gramineis ; capitulis a in paniculam 
contractam aggregatis seu raro singulis; floribus (majeribus viridulis fusco-striatis) levibus pedicellatis; sepalis 
eequalibus Sasi Neale acutatis seu cuspidatis stamina 6 duplo superantibus ; ae filamento ep long- 
joribus ; ovario stamina et stylum gquante, stigmatibus exsertis ; capsula ovata obtusa mucronata seu rostrata castanea 
nitida triloculari calycem epee rpess seu paulo superante ; setdinibos oblanceolatis seu ata apiculatis costato-reticu- 
latis. —J. Menziesii, Gray in Pl. Parry, p. 34, and Pl. Hall & Harb. p. 77, “the var. Califurnicus, Hook & Arn., 
probably an unpublished species.” 
Rocky Mountains from New Mexico, Wright 1924, Fendler 857, to Fort Whipple, Arizona, Cowes & Palmer ® 48, 
and northward to Colorado, Parry 631, Hall & Harb. 566, to the Saskatchawan, Bourgeau, and towards Oregon, Lyall. 
— Stems cespitose, or, eecbakly in richer soil, stoloniferous, 1-2 feet high 3 cutie mpsed 1} -24 or 3 inches long, 
consisting of 5-9 heads ; heads 3-8 or 12-flowered, sometimes fewer or single, and then 12-15- Row ered; flowers 
243-3 lines long ; stamens as long as the ovary, so that the style, which is of the same ais eR beyond [454] 
them ; seeds 0,25-0.27 line long, oblanceolate and acute, or, in the Fort Whipple specimens, , chovate & upw: 
obtuse ; these specimens are also distinguished by the absence of all traces of stolons, and by the slightly roughened 
surface of the upper part of the stem.— From the closely allied J. faleatus our leds is distinguished by the greater 
size, the paniculate heads, the shape, proportion, and surface of the sepals, and the shape of the seeds. 
30. J. LEpTocauLis, Torrey & Gray in Herb. Durand: caulibus czspitosis erectis (spithameis pedalibus) 
gracilibus ape ea oe fistulosis paucifoliis ; foliis planis caule brevioribus ; capitulis singulis seu paucis (1-3) 
spatham fere zquantibus 3-6-floris ; bracteis ovatis aristatis flore subpedicellato pleramque brevia ribus ; sepalis ovato- 
See ee zequalibus seu exterioribus paulo brevioribus stamina 3-6 et capsulam obovatam tricoc- 
sam mucronatam trilocularem quarta parte superantibus; autheris oblongo-linearibus filamento bis terve 
alae ; stigmatibus ovarium obovatum cum stylo perbrevi sequantibus inclusis ; seminibus obovatis apiculatis 
costato-lineolatis. — J. aie paged in Proc. Acad. Phil. 1862, p. 8. 
Arkansas, Herb. Durand, Western Texas, Lindheimer, Wright, Buckley. — Whole plant light green ; gracile stems 
6 or 8 to 12 and 14 inches high, growing in dense tufts from very small but apparently perennial rbizomas ; heads 
single or rarely two or three, the secondary ones Cisiacusitake and overtopping the primary one, in fruit 4-5 ines § in 
5 The Tasmanian J. faleatus, Hoo k. f. 1. ¢., of which I 8 While this sheet was in the hands of the printer I re- 
find a good specimen with ripe fruit, collected by Gunn, in ceived a most interesting collection of Arizona Plants, made 
Gray, is certainly very similar, but seems to is- last year by Drs. Elliott Coues and Edward Palmer, in which 
Hioguiahusl by smaller brit also scabrous flowers, ovate retuse found good specimens of this species, and also some of J. 
capsules of the length of the equal acutish sepals, and ob- compressus, unfortunately again withont fruit ; the leaves of 
ovate, og ai abruptly apiculate reticulate seeds, the areole this last, however, are finely developed, thus adding another 
of which a See eae aie it might be distin- proof for the opinion that it is really a regularly leaf-bearing 
guished by the name of J. species. (Compare p. 440.) 
