NORTH AMERICAN SPECIES OF JUNCUS. 267 
On the Pacific slope of the continent from southern California to Unalaschka, extending eastward into the 
plains east of the Rocky Mountains. Var. a. seems peculiar to the fertile lands of the California coast region: 
Monterey, Haenke, San Francisco, Bolander, Kellogg, Hb. norm. 93, Fort Tejon, Xantus. Var. B. bas been found on 
Monte Diablo, near San Francisco, Brewer, Calif. St. Surv. 338. Var. y., the large-headed form in the Rocky Moun- 
tains, from Oregon, Spalding, Lyall, to Colorado, Hall & sai: 564, and N. Mexico, Fendler, 858, Wright, 1925, and 
into the —_ oe Dr lash and Ft. Riley, H. Engelmann; the small-headed form is of more southern 
origin — Arizona, Cowes & Palmer, 70, N. Mexico, Wright, 1923 in part, and west Texas, Lincecum. . Var. 8. only in 
Unalaschka, ‘Bichotholis, on the “ ON ofthwene coast,” Douglas, and in the Cascade Muintdind, Lyall. Var. e. from Una- 
laschka, Eschscholtz, Chamisso, Mertens, to the Cascade Mountains, Lyall, and the Californian Mountains, Bolander, Hb. 
norm. 94: the panicled form, San Francisco, Bolander. 
This species, the type of the group of Ensifolii, is as variable as any of its eastern congeners, and its extreme 
forms are as widely apart in size of stems and leaves and of flower-heads, in their inflorescence, and even in the number 
of stamens, and transitions between the different varieties are not wanting ; but in flower and fruit they are remarkably 
uniform. — The flowers are 14 lines long, rarely a little smaller, and only in var. 8. and e. larger ; the sepals are nar- 
row, the outer ones always long-pointed, but the inner ones quite variable and often shorter ; stamens fearon more 
than half as long as sepals ; seeds 0.23-0.26 line long and attenuate at least at the lower end, except in 
their length is usually equal to 24 diameters ; about 8 ribs are visible on the side ; the network of the aad [483] 
and the a of the arew are very delicate but quite distinct. 
. a. is often 4 feet high, with a stem 3 lines wide, and leaves 3 or 4 or sometimes even 6 lines broad ; pan- 
icle 4-8 aah long ; heads in some forms, and also in the original Haenkean specimen, few-flowered, in others many- 
flowered ; seeds nitinlly slender and almost fusiform, Var. 8., similar to the last, with leaves 2-3 lines wide, is 
distinguished by its showy, glistening, golden straw-colored panicles, about 4 inches in length ; sepals almost nerve- 
ess ; capsules larger than in the other forms and longer than the sepals, thus approaching the following species. Var. 
y-, the mountain and eastern form of the species, is daiinden; with fewer heads either few-flowered and in a small pani- 
cle (about 1$ or 2 inches long), or many-flowered, 3-4 lines in diameter and 1-5 or 8 in number ; leaves usually 3 to 
1} lines wide. Var. 5. may be considered a large-flowered northwestern form of the latter ; flowers 1} lines or more 
in length ; seeds 0.25-0.26 line long, thicker than in the other forms and with short and abrupt points. Var. ¢., with 
its very flat and somewhat curved sword-shaped leaves, and usually few large dark-colored heads of triandrous 
flowers, looks quite peculiar, but flower, fruit, and seed are the same as in the other forms. I find plants of the same 
habit and with the same kind of leaves and heads among the different forms of J. Mertensianus and of J. alus, 
but the fruit and flowers will always distinguish them. The seeds in this variety are intermediate between host of 
the last and those of the other forms. — Motes (Linn. 3, 373) describes J, ensifolius with an obovate obtuse capsule ; 
I do not find it so, but suppose he had a specimen of J. Mertensianus in view, for which this shape of the capsule is 
quite characteristic. 
49. J. OXYMERIS, N. sp. : caulibus (2-3-pedalibus) e rhizomate repente erectis seu ascendentibus compressis ; 
foliis a latere compressis plus minus distincte nodosis ; panicula supradecomposita patula seu stricta ; capitulis pauci- 
(5-10) floris —— floribus pedicellatis; sepalis lineari-lanceolatis acuminato-aristatis, interioribus sepe paulo lon- 
ioribus stamina 6 quarta. parte superan ntfifas capsula lanceolata rostrata uniloculari plerumque inesStilthenl ; antheris 
fodigé linearibus filamento duplo longioribus ; stigmatibus ovarium lanceolatum apice attenuatum cum stylo ei equi- 
longo equantibus ry seminibus ovato-oblanceolatis apiculatis areis levibus reticulatis. — J. acutiflorus, 
ito longioribus, Benth. Pl. Hartw. 341. 
Sacramento oa Cal., palette 2017, San ary and Mariposa, Cal., Bolander, Hb. norm. 
This species is intermediate between J. xiphioides, var. auratus, the piniiicidate form of J. Pa res [484] 
J. dubius ; from the first two it is distinguished by the she rite sepals and their proportion, and the 
subulate capsule, which is similar to that of J. nodosus, from the first also by the long anthers, from a res by the 
flat leaves, and from both these by the sculpture of the my Sheaths of the leaves with or without auricular appen- 
dages, leaves 1-24 lines wide; panicle 4-6 inches long; flowers 1}?-2 lines long, greenish straw-colored or sometimes 
reddish towards the tip ; seeds 0.22-0.24 line long, with the ribs (7-9 visible on the side) slightly crenulate but the 
arese smooth. 
J. PHAOCEPHALUS, N. sp. : eng erectis compressis apice capitulum singulum paucave multiflora seu 
rissime plura minora paniculata gerentibus ; foliis compressis basi auriculatis seu inappendiculatis ; floribus majoribus 
fusco-atris pedicellatis ; sepalis lan Lee, equilongis omnibus acuminatis acutis vel cuspidatis seu interioribus 
obtusatis stamina 6 paulo superantibus capsulam obtusam seu acutam mucronatam subunilocularem sequantibus seu ea 
aulo brevioribus ; antheris late linearibus filamento bis terve longioribus ; ovario lanceolato in stylum equilongum 
attenuato, stigmatibus sigh TE exsertis ; seminibus ovatis utrumque apiculatis areis sublevibus reticulatis. —J. Rost- 
kovit ? Meyer in Rel. Haenk. 1, 142. 
