ADDITIONS TO THE CACTUS-FLORA OF THE UNITED STATES. 223 
paulo longioribus obscuris ; areola florifera sub tuberculi apice aculeis contigua circulari; floribus in vertice dissitis 
minoribus ; sepalis ovarii paucis et tubi brevis inferioribus orbiculatis crenulatis, super rioribus ovatis obtusis, — 
oblongis cuspidatis e virescente roseis, stigmatibus 5-7 brevibus in capitulum globosum compactis ; 
‘aetlioo latissimo truncata flore marcescente demum deciduo coronata; seminibus paucis magnis oblique Soest 
minute tuberculatis. 
Var. 8. MINOR: tota planta, tuberculis, aculeis, seminibusque minoribus. 
Butte Valley, in the Utah desert, and Kobe Valley, farther west ; var. 8. in Colorado Territory, e.g. in coarse 
gravel or in crevices of rocks, abundant near Mount Vernon, at the base of the mountains (Parry, Hall, & Har- 
bour). Flowers in May; fruit in July and August. — With the New Mexican EZ. papyracanthus,? the Mexican [198] 
E. horripilus, Lem., and perhaps the South American £, Odierii, Lem., and E. Cummingii, Satis; this specie 
forms a small sth of Echinocacti with the appearance of Mctgiticrien named by Prince Salm (Hort. Dyck, 1849, 
p- 34) Theloidet. Through the Coryphanthe they are nearly allied to Mamillaria; while our species at least (the 
fructification of the others not being known), by its dry fruit, its black tuberculated oe. and especially the large and 
curved embryo and the presence of an albumen, proves itself a true ec ciee very closely connected with the 
regularly ribbed E. intertextus, Engelm. Cact. Mex. Bound., tab. The similarity in all essential organs of 
these two species is such that no system ought to separate t the em ; re Sais again a how little essential importance 
among Cactacez the external form must be regarded. ‘Another striking example, among many, is the rat-tail 
- Cereus tuberosus, and its globular or oval allies, C. cespitosus, ete 
Full-grown specimens are 3-5 inches high and 3-4 inches in diameter ; dark green tubercles, loosely arranged in 
#; or 4} order, 8 and 13 spirals being most prominent ; tubercles 6-8 lines fone. at base 6-7 lines wide in the vertical 
and 4-5 lines in the transverse diameter, fruit-bearing ones rather shorter and stouter ; areole 3-4 lines long. External 
spines 4-6 lines long, whitish, with the addition of several bristles at the upper end of the areola ; central spines 
5-7 lines long, yellow, reddish, deep brown or even black upward. Flowers 8-10 lines long and of siaitly the same 
diameter, with a short and wide tube, externally greenish-purple; petals yellowish-green verging to pale purple ; the 
short stamens arise from the whole inner surface of the tube, leaving only a very small nectariferous space in its base ; 
funiculus very short, stout and straight, and not curved over the micropyle, as I have found it in almost all other 
cactus flowers examined. Fruit 3-3} lines long, oe the same in width, with 1-3 small calycine scales toward its 
flat top, each with 1 or 2 small spines in its axil; it usually bursts srregaiarty on the side, and, falling off, leaves its 
base adhering to the areola, as is the case in tales de diet Echinocacti, e. g. E. horizonthalonius. Seeds 14 line long 
in the longest diameter, covered with minute, closely set tubercles, with a large oval subbasilar hilum, and an 
embryo strongly curved around a small albumen. The plant germinate with erect pointed cotyledons, and [199] 
when a few weeks old begins to develop its then pubescent spin 
Var. B., with seston tubercles in J; or $}, or even 24 ir closely set, bearing smaller but often more numerous 
spines (20-28 external, 6-7 internal), may be confounded with the simple mountain form of M. vivipara, from which, 
when not in flower or fruit, only a close examination can distinguish it. 
3. EcHINOCACTUS PUBISPINUS, sp. nov.: parvus, turbinatus ; costis 13 subobliquis compressis interruptis ; 
areolis orbiculatis ; aculeis breviusculis velutinis demum nudatis albidis apice adustis, radialibus inferioribus laterali- 
busque 5-8 brevioribus, superioribus 1 oe robustioribus rectis curvatis seu hamatis, centrali deficiente seu si 
x pai longiore arrecto sursum ham 
ze Wiltay: near Salt Lake Deak Found in May without flower or fruit, but exhibiting in the vestiges of 
the ial ‘sicdeiene floriferous areole the character of the genus. — Perhaps the smallest species of the genus, 2 inches 
high, 1-1} in diameter; ribs formed by ss pee aia tubercles ; areole 4-6 lines apart. Radial spines 
1-4 lines long, more scars pubescent or even tomen than I have seen them in any other Cactus, on the lower 
areole 5 or 6, on the upper ones 9-12; here and sila a single central spine makes its appearance, 5-6 lines long, 
stouter, and always strongly hooked. 
. E. Wureptet, Engelm. & Bigelow, Cact. Whipp., p. 28, tab. 1; Synops. Cact., p. 15; Ives’s Exped. Bot., 
p. 12. Var. SPINOSIOR: aculeis radialibus 9-11, inferioribus spe saiuislenttanes reliquis inieiiicsions niveis, summis 
2 sepe elongatis latioribus curvatis, centralibus 4, summo longo plano flexuoso, ceteris paulo brevioribus obscuris, 
solo —— seu omnibus hamati 
Desert Valley, west of Deue Floyd, Utah, with the remnants of flowers and fruit, and with seeds hid between 
the aia exactly like the seeds figured in the plate cited above. Embryo curved about 2 around a large albumen ; 
8 Mamillaria papyracantha, Engelm. Plant. Fendl., p. 49 ; nascent — — the plant an Echinocactus, accord- 
Synops. Cact., p. 8. A closer examination of the dey speci- ing to the vi at present prevalent. It is si 
men obtained by Mr. Fendler near Santa Fé proves that the Fendler’s a aad imen has remained thus far the only one 
floral areola joins the spiniferous one on the top of the small ever obtained of this well-marked species. 
