CACTACEZ OF CLARENCE KING’S EXPLORATION. 207 
scarlet ; re — with a larger spongy brown appendage. — Gravelly soil in southern Utah and Arizona ; rarer 
than the 
M. ace oma VIVIPARA, Haw., var. Simple, oval, the almost terete tubercles bearing fascicles of ~ 
5-8 reddish-brown spines surrounded by 15-20 grayish ones in a single series, all straight and very rigid, the latter 
5-8 lines, the former even 10 lines long. Flowers purple, often 2 inches or more in diameter, with numerous lance- 
subulate petals and fringed sepals ; tre oval, green ; seed pitted, light brown. — Near St. George, southern 
tah (J. E. Johnson). Larger than the often cespitose forms of the eastern slopes and plains. Another simple [116] 
form, but scarcely half as large, occurs in Colorado, and possibly in eastern Utah. 
M. Nurrattu, Engelm. Smaller, globose, simple or sometimes cespitose, with fewer (10-20), weaker, ash- 
eolored spines. Flowers "yellow, 1-2 inches broad ; berries scarlet, subglobose ; seeds few, black, globose, pitted. — 
Common on the eastern slopes of the mountains of Colorado, and perhaps to be found in eastern Utah. 
Ecurnocactus Simpsont, Engelm. Simple, globose or depressed, with ovate tubercles like a Mamillaria, 
bearing about 20 outer ash-colored spines and 5-10 stouter darker inner ones, all straight and rigid. Flowers from 
= — of the just developing tubercles, small, 9-12 lines broad, yellowish-green to purplish ; scales on the ovary very 
; berry small, dry, with few black tuberculated seeds. — Butte and Kobe valleys, Utah (H. Engelmann) ; fre- 
aaa on the eastern slopes of the Rocky Mountains, Colorado. Flowering in April and May. [Found on the 
Havallah, Battle, and Toyabe mountains, and above Thousand Spring Valley, Nevada, only on high rocky ridges, 
7,000-8,000 feet altitude. July in flower. Heads 2-5 inches in diameter, often clustered, the fleshy interior fre- 
quently colored. s.w.] A small variety, resembling forms of M. vivipara in habit, but the tubercles grooveless and 
fruiting at top, has spines 4-6 lines long, the inner scarcely different. A larger form has much larger tubercles and 
spines, often 12-14 lines long, the inner ones bright reddish-brown. (433.) 
HIPPLEI, Engelm. & Bigelow. Middle-sized, globose or : ovat with 13 interrupted ribs. Outer spines 7-11, 
mostly ivory-white, the owest darkish, the upper much longer, flat and often curved ; central spines 4, the upper 
oader, longer, white, the others brown, the lowest hooked. Flowers greenish-red, with few (2-5) sepals on the 
aie 9-15 lines long, not quite so wide ; seeds few, large, tuberculate. Heads 3-5 inches high; spines 3-20 lin 
long. — On the lower Gators (Bigelow, Newberry); in Desert Valley, west of Sevier Lake, Utah (H. Engelmann) ; 
the latter with more radial spines, and often with more than one hooked. 
E. poryancistrus, Engelm. & Bigelow. Medium-sized, oval, with 13-17 interrupted ribs. Outer [117] 
spines 20 or more, white, the uppermost broader and longer ; central spines 5-10, upper one broadest, longe: 
white, curved, the others brown, terete, mostly hooked. Flowers yellow, large, 2-23 inches long arid wide, with about 
ged sepals on the ovary; seeds as in the last. — Headwaters of the Mohave (Bigelow) to the sage-plains of 
western Nevada (Gabb). The southern form 4-10 inches high, with longer spines (the longest 3-5 inches); the 
northern but 3-4 inches high, with spines rarely more than 2 inches, the radial ones but }-1 inch long. 
E. pupispinus, Engelm. Small (only 2 inches high), oval, with 13 compressed sinuate ribs. Outer spines 6-10, 
bristle-like, 1-4 lines long, the uppermost longest, often eurved or hooked, with or without a stouter hooked central 
one, all eres tela pulicitens: Flower and fruit unknown. — Found by H. Engelmann in Pleasant Valley, near 
Salt Lake Des 
E. Jounsont, Parry MSS. Medium-sized (4-6 inches high), oval, with 17-21 low, rounded, interrupted, close- 
set, often oblique ribs, densely covered with stoutish reddish-gray spines; the outer 10-14, $-1} inch long, the upper 
longest ; the central 4 stouter, recurved, 14 inch long. Flowers large, 2-2} inches long and wide, ciiehe or ™ 
with numerous reniform sepals on the ovary oad tube, and ovate obtuse petals ; seeds reticulate-pitted. — Diseo 
about St. George, in southern Utah, by J. E. Johnson, whose zeal for the development of the natural easy: pie 
resources of his region is commemorated in the name of the species. 
POLYCEPHALUS, Engelm. & Bigelow. Usually with several heads, often over a foot high, with few very stout 
annulated curved spines and very early flowers, the base of which, as well as the fruit, is enveloped in dense cotton, — 
From the Mohave region, and may be looked for in southern Nevada. 
Cereus ENGELMANNI, Parry. Heads several, 4-12 inches high, cylindric or ovate, with 11-13 ribs, 
bearing bunches of about 13 pale acicular radiating spines, 3-6 lines long, and about 4 darker eae brown, [118] 
or black), stout and angular, straight or curved central ones, 1-3 inches lo ong. Flowers very numerous, large 
(23 inches broad or more), pataies diurnal. — From Salt Lake Desert (H. Engelmann) to Silver Peak i in the Sierras 
(Gabb), and southward to southern Utah (Johnson) and the Mohave country (Bigelow). 
C. vIRIDIFLORUS, Engelm. With very short, pectinate, pale, and reddish-brown spines and small green flowers, — 
Common in Colorado, and may be found in Utah. 
Opuntia (PLATOPUNTIA) BASILARIS, Engelm. & Bigelow. Low; joints 5-8 inches long, obovate or triangular, 
proliferous from their base, pubescent, unarmed, but beset with numerous dense fascicles of short brownish bristles, as 
