THE AMERICAN JUNIPERS OF SECTION SABINA. Soa 
In the figure the form and proportions of the leaf-margin of the different species is repre- 
sented as it appears when magnified 280 times; but a much lower power, even a good glass, in a 
favorable light, will enable the student to recognize its character. The figures show that only J. Vir- 
giniana and Bermudiana have entire leaves, while J. Californica has the most marked fringe ; the 
other species are intermediate between these extremes. 
Of the Old World Sabine which I have examined, only J. Chinensis (cultivated speci- [585 (3)] 
mens) is in this respect similar to J. Virginiana; J. fetidissima (coll. Hohenac cker) has 
the strongest dentation, somewhat like Fig. 2, but with more erect teeth ; J. phenicea (from Italy) 
and J. thurifera (from Spain) are 
less marked, more like Fig. 3, 
and J. excelsa (coll. Kotschy) still 
less so, somewhat like Fig. 4, and 
only a little more than J. Sabina 
(from Switzerland), Fig. 7. 
The species of Sabina are sub- 
dicecious, or more commonly dice- 
cious ; no specific characters can 
be founded on rene ‘Seemere: 
The male F 
(vulgo aments) me te [586 (4)] 
male aments have, like 
the peduncles, ais in continuation 
of them, binate or ternate scales; 
the edge of the anther-scales cor- 
responds in its character to the 
margin of the leaves of the same 
species ; the number of anther- 
cells varies from 4 to 8 on each 
scale, more in the robuster, less in 
the slenderer forms, 
The juicy strobil, GALBULUS, 
which we may for shortness’ sake 
Fic. 1. Fic. 5. Fic, 2. Fic. 6, Fic. 5%. Fic.3. Fic. 4. Fic.7&8& 
designate by the popular name 
of berry, matures like the fruit Margins of the leaves pss 280 times, st seeds twice the natural size : 
of many oaks and of the true pines Fig. 1. J. Californica; 2. J. Mexicana ; 3. J. pachyphlea ; 4. J. — Be 
in the acon yar, Out wake toy: mr? enero 6 res 1 Sb 8 Fr 
them, it attains almost its full size "na the pee bilobed gta are distinctly visible. The seed under 2 7&8 
in the first autumn, when even _ the same in both. 
the stony coating of the seed is 
pretty well formed ; but it matures fully a year later. We often observe berries of both years, young 
and maturing ones, on the same stock; but where it bears only every other year, as conifers often 
do, fruit of one season and of one state of maturation only is found at one time. The berry is gener- 
ally closed, but in some species (I have seen it in J. Mexicana, J. occidentalis, and J. tetragona) it 
occasionally — on certain trees almost always — remains open at top, with protruding seeds. 
The berry is always full of resin receptacles, mostly close to the seeds, often leaving longitudi- 
nal impressions on their surface, giving them a grooved appearance. In some species the berries are 
larger, drier, of a reddish-brown (when fresh, reddish glaucous) color, fibrous texture, and sweetish 
taste, the resinous matter— present in the immature berry—having apparently mostly been 
43 
