THE AMERICAN JUNIPERS OF SECTION SABINA. 339 
Il. Sapina, with smaller, bluish-black (rarely brown) pulpy berries, of resinous taste. 
A. seca ciliate or denticulate. 
zs. 
6, - iebvagena, 
B. Leaves entire or nearly so. 
7. J. Sabina. 
8. J. Virginiana. 
9. J. Bermudiana. 
J. Cattrornica, Carriére: A stout shrub, or small tree (rarely 20 to even 35 feet high) with stout branches, 
the aatke perhaps the thickest of any Sabina ; leaves almost always in 3’s, in young shoots acerose, white above, 
in adult plants, even on the thicker branches, closely appressed, short and thick, oisiiind at tip, distinctly cartilaginous- 
fringed on the margins ; anther-scales (18-24) mostly in 3’s, rhomboid, scarcely acute; scales of female ament usually 
6, spreading ; berry globose or mostly oval, 5-6 lines long, with scale-tips scarcely prominent ; seeds 1 or sometimes 2, 
4-6 lines long, with a very thick and hard shell, smooth, shining brown above, with large bilobed whitish hilum. — 
Rev. Hort. 3, ae (1854) ; Conif. 58. J. tetragona, var. osteosperma, Torr. Bot. Whipp. in Pac. R. Rep. 4, 141 ; Bot. 
Mex. Bound. 2 J. Cerrosianus, Kellogg, Proc. Calif. Acad. 2, 37, fide spec. auctoris in Herb. Torrey. (See Fig. 1.) 
ar. epee In all the parts smaller, leaves and tips of fruit-scales often in pairs, fringe of leaf-margin 
shorter ; berries more commonly globose ; seeds mostly men smaller. 
California, from San Francisco (Monte Diablo) southward, principally on the Coast range and on ans Islands ; 
the variety all over the chr panes parts of Utah and into Arizona and Nevada. — Bark shreddy, wood 
about St. George, Utah, where the variety furnishes the common fire-wood, it is a small tree 20 feet hh [589 (7)] 
berries smaller, 3-5 lines long ; cotyledons same as in the species, never less than 4. Dr. Palmer has se 
from the Colorado River a ria with whitish, scaly bark, which I cannot otherwise distinguish, but ae seen no 
mature fruit of it. —The plant is often confounded with the stouter forms of J. occidentalis, but in fruit can always be 
en distinguished. 
. J. Mexicana, Schlechtend.: A bush or (fide Parlatore) a* — tree ; spray much more slender than the 
last, os branchlets with semi-acerose, squarrose leaves; leaves of ultimate branchlets mostly in pairs, slender, acute, 
irregularly denticulate ; anther-scales in pairs (about 12) strongly cuspidate or almost acuminate ; scales of female 
ament about 2 pairs, spreading, rarely in 3’s ; berry globose or oval, as large as and similar to that of the foregoing 
species ; seeds single or often 2 or 3, similar to the last. — Linnea 5, 77 (1830) ; ib. 12, 494, Parlat. in DeProd. 16, 2, 
491. (See Fig. 2. 
Mexico. — The 1-seeded form is Schlechtendal’s original, sent by Schiede from Llanos de Perote ; Real del Monte, 
Hartweg, 433. A 2-3-seeded form has been collected at the last locality by Ehrenberg (often with protruding seeds) 
and Gregg, 636 ; in the Sierra Madre, Seemann, 2001 ; Cosiquiriachi, Wislizenus, 230.— Most collectors describe this 
species as a bush or small tree, but Parlatore assigns to it, without giving his authority, a height, sometimes, of 70- 
feet ; he gives the bark as secedens, shreddy. The slender branchlets, the acute, denticulate, not deeply fringed leaves 
spreading on the older branchlets, and the regularly 2-cotyledonous embryo, distinguish it readily from the last. 
J. PACHYPHL@A, Torr.: A middle-sized tree with a spreading, rounded top, thick and much cracked bark 
and pale reddish wood, closely allied to the last, with the same squarrose leaves on the stouter branchlets, but dis- 
tinguished by the slenderer, acuter, less prominently denticulate or ciliate eee usually in seks and by the obtusish 
anther-scales ; berry globose or irregularly tubercled, 5-6 lines thick ; seeds mostly 4, angular. — Rot. Whipp. in Pacif. 
R. Rep. 4, 142 (1857); Bot. Mex. Bound. 210; Parl. 1. c. 490. J. ikeditan. Sitgr. Rep. ae tab. 16, spalm. ; 
Parl, 1. c. 492. (See Fig. 3.) 
New Mexico and Arizona, Woodhouse, Parry, Wright, Cowes, Palmer, Greene. — Further examination must show 
whether it stands not too close to the last; but the character of the bark seems to distinguish it completely from that 
and any other species. In the report of Sitgreave’s Expedition, p. 12, this singular species is mentioned, and on 
173 Torrey gives a short account of this and two other forms, without naming them. The plate with the name of 
J. plochyderma, probably a mistake of the lithographer for pachyderma, gives a rough figure of our tree, 
J. FLACCIDA, Schlechtend. : A bush, or small or middle-sized tree with shreddy bark, with spreading branches 
and it nodding branchlets ; leaves always in pairs, acute with spreading tips and slightly denticulate 
; male flowers quadrangular, narrow, consisting of 16-20 keeled cuspidate anther-scales ; large (6-7 [590 (8)] 
lines thick) globose or often irregularly tubercled berry, mostly with recurved acute scales, containing 8-12 
seeds in several tiers ; seeds small, much distorted, many of them abortive. — Linnea 12, 495 (1838) ; Parlat. 1. c. 492. 
(See Fig. 4.) 
