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289 
Schwarz states of his experiment with Pisum sativum that the 
hairs arising on the roots of plants raised in damp sawdust ap. 
peared between eight and thirteen millimeters from the tip, while 
those appearing on a plant of the same kind raised in dry earth, 
which offered more resistance than the sawdust, appeared from 
three to four millimeters from the tip. 
In comparing the growth of gynophore hairs with that of root 
hairs it must be remembered that the growing point of the gyno- 
phore corresponding to the punctum vegetationis of the root lies 
just below the ovary which occupies the extreme tip of this organ. 
The ovary, however, is almost microscopically small and remains 
so during the growth of the gynophore. To illustrate the ex- 
tremely small space occupied by it, the hairs which were not 
more than one millimeter from the tips of the gynophores as men- 
tioned above were still below the growing point under the ovary. 
While this difference in the position of the growing point ex- 
ists between root and gynophore, the difference which it makes 
in estimating the relative distances of the hairs from the tips is 
practically nothing. 
The resemblance between these hairs and those of roots was 
further tested by repeated experiments in pulling young gyno- 
phores carefully from the soil. The minute portions of earth 
clung to the hairs and refused to be separated from them in the 
same manner as in the case of root hairs. In several instances 
these hairs were tested for acids and were found to respond read- 
ily to the litmus paper test. 
Still another experiment was made which furnishes strong evi- 
dence that one function of the gynophore hairs corresponds to the 
chief function of those of the root. A large, well developed, 
thriftily growing plant was cut in such a manner as to separate 
the whole root system from the stems, but the latter were still con- 
nected with the ground by numerous well grown gynophores. 
The result was that the plant so treated after two weeks still pre- 
sented nothing to a superficial inspection to distinguish it from 
others in its vicinity whose roots were left intact. Closer exami- 
nation showed that some branches were dead; but the majority 
were putting out new leaves which appeared quite as strong and 
healthy as any of those on similar plants in the vicinity which 
